Applicable law. Contracts involving the sale of goods are governed by the UCC. Goods are moveable tangible objects. Special rules apply to transactions between merchants. Merchants are those who regularly deal with the good at issue, or they hold themselves out to have special knowledge of the good at issue.
Perhaps what happened to me was an understanding — and for me to be true, I have to keep on being unable to grasp it, keep on not understanding it. All sudden understanding closely resembles an acute incomprehension.
No. All sudden understanding is finally the revelation of an acute incomprehension. Each moment of finding is a getting lost. Maybe what happened to me was an understanding as complete as an ignorance, and from it I shall emerge as untouched and innocent as before. No understanding of mine will ever reach that knowledge, since living is the only height within my grasp — I am only on the level of life. Except now, now I know a secret. Which I am already forgetting, ah I feel that I am already forgetting. . . .
TENSION AND ACCELERATION IN A STRING
Consider a block supported by a string. The upper end of the string is fixed on a stand as shown in figure 3.11. Let w be the weight of the block. The block pulls the string downwards by its weight. This causes a tension T in the string. The tension T in the string is acting upwards at the block. As the block is at rest, therefore, the weight of the block acting downwards must be balanced by the upwards tension T in the string. Thus the tension T in the string must be equal and opposite to the weight w of the block.
VERTICAL MOTION OF TWO BODIES ATTACHED TO THE ENDS OF A STRING THAT PASSES OVER A FRICTIONLESS PULLEY
Consider two bodies A and B of masses m1 and m2 respectively. Let m1 is greater than m2. The bodies are attached to the opposite ends of an inextensible string. The string passes over a frictionless pulley as shown in figure 3.12. The body A being heavier must be moving downwards with some acceleration. Let this acceleration be a. At the same time, the body B attached to the other end of the string moves up with the same acceleration a. As the pulley is frictionless, hence tension will be the same throughout the string. Let the tension in the string be T.
Since the body A moves downwards, hence its weight m1g is greater than the tension T in the string.
Net force acting on body A = m1g- T
According to Newton s second law of motion;
As body B moves upwards, hence its weight m2g
is less than the tension T in the string.
Net force acting on body B = T- m2 g
According to Newton's second law of motion;
Adding Eq. 3.6 and Eq.3.7, we get acceleration a.
a=(m1-m2/m1+m2)*g
Divide Eq. 3.7 by Eq. 3.6, to find tension T in the string.
T=(2m1.m2/m1+m2)*g
The above arrangement is also known as Atwood machine. It can be used to find the acceleration g due to gravity using Eq 3.8,
g=2m1+m2/m1.m2 *a
MOTION OF TWO BODIES ATTACHED TO THE ENDS OF A STRING THAT PASSES OVER A FRICTIONLESS PULLEY SUCH THAT ONE BODY MOVES VERTICALLY AND THE OTHER MOVES ON A SMOOTH HORIZONTAL SURFACE
Consider two bodies A and B of masses m1 and m2 respectively attached to the ends of an inextensible string as shown in figure 3.13. Let the body A moves downwards with an acceleration a. Since the string is inextensible, therefore, body B also moves over the horizontal surface with the same acceleration a. As the pulley is frictionless, hence tension T will be the same throughout the string.
Since body A moves downwards, therefore, its weight m1g is greater than the tension T in the string.
Net force acting on body A = m1g- T
According to Newton's second law of motion;
The forces acting on body B are:
i. Weight m2g of the body B acting downward.
ii. Reaction R of the horizontal surface acting on body B in the upwards direction.
iii. Tension T in the string pulling the body B
horizontally over the smooth surface.
As body B has no vertical motion, hence resultant of vertical forces(m2g and R) must be zero.
Thus, the net force acting on body B is T.
According to Newton's second law of motion;
T=m2a
Adding Eqs. 3.10 and 3.11, we get acceleration a as
a=(m1/m1+m2)g
Putting the value of a in equations 3.11 to get tension T as
T=(m1.m2/m1+m2)g
Always believe, count on determination, excel, focus, grow, have hope, innovate, jump, keep learning, move forward, never quit, solve problems, think, understand, value wisdom, excel, yield zeal, For Math success practice is a must. For things to change for the best, I must change for the better.
As it appears, the High Court has taken exception to the fact that the application was moved when the 2nd Judge was allotted the roaster to deal with the application under Section 438 Cr. P. C.
To appreciate the analysis made by the High Court we have bestowed our anxious consideration and perused the order impugned. As far as the distinction drawn by the High Court passed in a perverse manner, excluding the relevant matters and considering the extraneous matters which deserve to be lancinated in exercise of supervisory jurisdiction to nullify the same and the other, which is fundamentally and absolutely situation based for cancelling the order of bail because of violation of the terms and conditions of the order granting bail and other supervising circumstances. However, the said situation or circumstances does not arise in the case at hand.
In that context, this Court held that long standing convention and judicial discipline requires bail application to be placed before the learned Judge who had passed earlier orders. On a perusal of the aforesaid authorities, it is clear to us that the learned Judge, who has declined to entertain the prayer for grant of bail, if available, should hear the second bail application or the successive bail applications. It is in consonance with the principle of judicial decorum, discipline and propriety. Needless to say, unless such principle is adhered to, there is enormous possibility of forum-shopping which has no sanction in law and definitely, has no sanctity.
As it appears, the High Court has taken exception to the fact that the application was moved when the 2nd Judge was allotted the roaster to deal with the application under Section 438 Cr. P. C.
To appreciate the analysis made by the High Court we have bestowed our anxious consideration and perused the order impugned. As far as the distinction drawn by the High Court passed in a perverse manned excluding the relevant matters and considering the extraneous matters which deserves to be lancinated in exercise of supervisory jurisdiction to nullify the same and the other, which is fundamentally and absolutely situation based for cancelling the order of bail because of violation of the terms and conditions of the order granting bail and other supervising circumstances. However, the said situation or circumstances does not arise in the case at hand.
In that context, this Court held that long standing convention and judicial discipline requires bail application to be placed before the learned Judge who had passed earlier orders. On a perusal of the aforesaid authorities, it is clear to us that the learned Judge, who has declined to entertain the prayer for grant of bail, if available, should hear the second bail application or the successive bail applications. It is in consonance with the principle of judicial decorum, discipline and propriety. Needless to say, unless such principle is adhered to, there is enormous possibility of forum-shopping which has no sanction in law and definitely, has no sanctity.
These appeals have been preferred against the orders passed by the Division bench of the Punjab and Haryana High Court at Chandigarh. The appellants in Special Leave Petition of 2012 are the Chandigarh Administration and the Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh. The appellant has filed the Special Leave Petition with the permission of this Court, who was not a party, either before the Single Judge or before the Division Bench of the Punjab and Haryana High Court. Leave to file Special Leave Petition was granted in considering the grievances expressed by the said Appellant contending that in the event of the impugned orders of the Division Bench being implemented, her chance of getting admission to the course of M.B.B.S. for the academic year 2014-15 under the Non-Resident India category would be impugned. The present impugned orders of the Division Bench came to be passed.
1) Money
big bucks
break the bank
bring home the bacon
cash cow
cash in on
cash on the barrelhead
chip in
down and out
easy money
fall back on
foot the bill
for a song
fork out
get by
get (one’s) money’s worth
go broke/bust
go Dutch
hand to mouth
hard hit
have money to burn
highway robbery
hit the jackpot
in the hole
in the red/black
live high on the hog
lose (one’s) shirt
made of money
make a killing/bundle
make a living
money doesn’t grow on trees
money is no object
money talks
more bang for the buck
nest egg
not for love or money
on someone
on the house
petty cash
pour money down the drain
pretty penny
put in (one’s) two cents
put money on
rake in
set (someone) back
short on cash/money
stretch (one’s) money/dollar
strike it rich
take a beating/hit
throw good money after bad
you get what you pay for
2) Sports
ahead of the game
at this stage of the game
ballpark figure
bark up the wrong tree
below the belt
call the shots
clear a hurdle
come from behind
cover (one’s) bases
dealt a bad hand
down to the wire
drop the ball
front-runner
game plan
get the ball rolling
get to first base
go to bat for
have a ball
have (sth.) up (one’s) sleeve
have two strikes against (one)
home free
home run
in (someone’s) corner
in the running
jump the gun
kick off
lay (one’s) cards on the table
off base
off the hook
out for the count
out in left field
par for the course
pass the torch
play ball
play hardball
play cards close to (one’s) chest
play (one’s) cards right
pull no punches
right off the bat
saved by the bell
second wind
step up to the plate
strike out
take a rain check
team player
that’s how the ball bounces
the ball is in (someone’s) court
throw (someone) a curve
toe the line
touch bases (with)
3) Foods
go bananas (nuts, ape, etc.)
sour grapes
rotten apple
hear through the grapevine
low-hanging fruit
couch potato
cool as a cucumber
in a pickle
bear fruit
nutty as a fruitcake
have egg on (one’s) face
eat (one’s) words
eat away at
eat out of (someone’s) hands
eat and run
piece of cake, duck soup
icing on the cake
take the cake
tough cookie
eat (one’s) cake and have it too
compare apples and oranges
hot potato
spill the beans
olive branch
carrot and stick
4) Study
hit the books
study for
brush up on, bone up on
quick study
have (one’s) nose in a book
burn the midnight oil
know by heart
know-it-all
know/show the ropes
draw a blank
ace it
pass with flying colors
A for effort
take notes
jot down
teacher’s pet
call/take (the) roll
hand in, turn in
hand out
sign up for
class clown
clown around, fool around
cut class, play hooky
make up
teach a lesson, learn (one’s) lesson
5) Body
lose (one’s) head/cool
in over (one’s) head
go to (one’s) head
get through (one’s) head
have a head for
all ears/eyes
believe (one’s) ears/eyes
have (someone’s) ear
in one ear and out the other
play by ear
poke (one’s) nose into
look down (one’s) nose on
rub (someone’s) nose in
thumb (one’s) nose
(win) by a nose
stick (one’s) neck out
pain in the neck
breathe down (someone’s) neck
up to (one’s) neck in
neck and neck
give (someone) a hand
have (one’s) hands full
thumbs up
first hand
hands off
6) Colors
feel blue
until blue in the face
once in a blue moon
out of the blue
blue-collar worker
green with envy
green-eyed monster
go green
green around the gills
grass is always greener
silver lining
born with a silver spoon
silver screen
silver bullet
hand on a silver platter
white lie
white-collar worker
white elephant
white as a sheet
black and white
red in the face
see red
catch red-handed
paint the town red
red carpet
7) Emotions
music to (one’s) ears
on cloud nine
jump for joy
cheer up
psych up
go out of (one’s) mind
in (one’s) right mind
keep/bear in mind
bring to mind
change (one’s) mind
tongue in cheek
with a grain of salt
laugh at
laugh (one’s) head off
laugh off
not a happy camper
down in the dumps
beside (oneself)
break (someone’s) heart
cry (one’s) eyes out
butterflies in (one’s) stomach
a bundle of nerves
the creeps
get a kick out of
get on (someone’s) nerves
8) Animals
cock and bull story
bull/bear market
till the cows come home
take the bull by the horns
bear hug
at a snail’s pace
snail mail
hold (one’s) horses
monkey business
as the crow flies
come out of (one’s) shell
for the birds
chicken feed
chicken out
a little bird told me
when pigs fly
rat race
dog eat dog
all bark and no bite
smell a rat
in the doghouse
cat got (one’s) tongue
pig out
horse around
call the dogs off
Define following terms:
(i) Inertia (ii) Momentum (iii) Force (iv) Force of Friction (v) Centripetal force
(i) Inertia: Inertia of a body is its property due to which it resists any change in its state of rest or motion.
(ii) Momentum: Momentum of a body is the quantity of motion possessed by the body. Momentum of a body is equal to the product of its mass and velocity.
(iii) Force: A force is a push or pull. It moves or tends to move, stops or tends to stop the motion of a body. The force can also change the direction of motion of a body.
(iv) Force of Friction: A force between the sliding objects which opposes the relative motion between them is called force of friction.
(v) Centripetal force: The force which keeps the body to move in a circular path is called centripetal force. Fc = mv2/r
What is the difference between:
Mass and weight
Action and reaction
Sliding friction and rolling friction
1. Mass and Weight:
Mass:
Mass of a body is the quantity of matter that it possesses.
Mass is a scalar quantity
Mass remains same everywhere in the Earth and does not change with change of place.
Weight:
Weight of the body is equal to the force with which Earth attracts it.
Weight is a vector quantity.
Weight does not remain same everywhere in the Earth and changes with change of place.
2. Action and Reaction:
Action:
It is a force that is exerted by a body let A on the other body B is called action force.
Reaction:
It is a force which is exerted by the second body let B on the first body A is called reaction force.
3. Sliding and Rolling:
Sliding:
A force between the sliding objects which opposes the relative motion between them is called sliding friction.
The magnitude of sliding friction is very large as compare to rolling friction.
Rolling friction:
Rolling friction is the force of friction between a rolling body and the surface over which it rolls.
The magnitude of rolling friction is very small as compare to sliding friction.
What is the law of inertia?
Newton’s first law of motion deals with the inertial property of matter, so Newton’s first law of motion is also known as law if inertia.
Statement: A body continues its state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line provided no net force acts on it.
Why is it dangerous to travel on the roof of a bus?
If a person travels on the roof of a bus, it would be dangerous because when a bus takes a sharp turn, passenger falls in the outward direction. It is due to inertia that they want continue their motion in a straight line and thus fall outward.
Why does a passenger move outward when a bus takes a turn?
When a bus takes a sharp turn, passengers fall in the outward direction. It is due to inertia that they want to continue their motion in a straight line and thus fall outward.
How can you relate a force with the change of momentum of a body?
When a force acts on a body, it produces acceleration in the body and will be equal to the rate of change of momentum of the body. We can write it as; change in momentum = final momentum – initial momentum
Pf – Pi = mvf – mvi
Thus, rate of change in momentum is given by.
Pf – Pi/t = m (vf – vi/t)
As, vf – vi/t = a
Pf – Pi/t = ma. __(I)
And Newton’s second law of motion tells us that;
F = ma
By putting the value of F in eq. (I)
Pf – Pi/t = F which is the required relation.
What will be the tension in a rope that is pulled from its ends by two opposite forces 100 N each?
The total tension in the rope will be:
T = 100N
Action and reaction are always equal and opposite. Then how does a body move?
According to Newton’s third law of motion, action and reaction are always equal and opposite in direction. But action and reaction forces always act on different bodies, so they do not cancel the effect of each other, and under this condition of forces the body moves irrespective to this, that action and reaction are equal but opposite in direction.
A horse pulls the cart. If the action and reaction are equal and opposite then how does the cart move?
As a horse pulls the cart, it is the action of the horse on the Earth, according to the Newton’s third law of motion; Earth also applies the equal amount of force as a reaction on the horse in opposite direction. This would be cancelled out, if both the forces act on one body, but these two forces act on two separate bodies so they would not cancel the effect of each other and the cart moves.
What is the law of conservation of momentum?
The momentum of an isolated system of two or more than two interaction bodies before and after the collision remains the same is known as law of conservation of momentum. Let two bodies of masses m1 and m2 moving with velocities v1 and v2 respectively before collision and their velocities after collision become u1 and u2 respectively. According to the statement of law of conservation of momentum.
M1v1 + m2v2 = m1u1 + m2u2
Why is the law of conservation of momentum important?
Law of conservation of momentum is very much important because it is applicable on all objects in the universe either larger or smaller. This law has vast applications. According to this law the momentum of an isolated system of two or more than two interacting bodies remains same.
When a gun is fired, it recoils. Why?
Consider a system of gun and a bullet. Before firing the gun, both the gun and bullet are at rest, so the total momentum of the system is zero. As the gun is fired, bullet shoots out of the gun and acquires momentum. To conserve momentum of the system, the gun recoils. According to the law of conservation of momentum, the total momentum of the gun and the bullet will also be zero after the gun is fired. Therefore the gun recoils.
Describe two situations in which force of friction is needed.
There are many conditions in which friction is desirable; two of them is given below.
Friction is needed when we write, we cannot write if there would be no friction between the paper and the pencil.
Friction enables us to walk on the ground; we cannot run on slippery ground. A slippery ground offers very little friction. Hence, any body who tries to run on a slippery ground may meet an accident.
How does oiling the moving parts of a machine lower friction.
By making the sliding surfaces as smooth as possible we can reduce the friction and for this, we apply any lubricant such as oil in the moving parts of machine. It will smooth the surfaces which are sliding and hence reduce the friction between these parts of a machine.
Describe ways to reduce friction.
The friction can be reduced by:
Making the sliding surfaces as smooth as possible.
Making the fast moving objects a streamline shape such as cars, trains, and aeroplanes. This causes the smooth flow of air around their bodies and thus minimizes air resistance at high speeds.
Using lubricants between the sliding surfaces.
Using ball bearings or roller bearings. Because rolling friction is much less than sliding friction.
Why rolling friction is less than sliding friction?
All surfaces have pits and bumps and when two such surfaces are in contact. Then contact points between the two surfaces from a sort of cold welds. These cold welds resist the surfaces from sliding over each other. More is the area of in contact surfaces more would be the friction. In sliding friction more area is in contact. For example, when the axel of wheel is pushed, the force of friction between the wheel and the ground at the point of contact provides the reaction force. The reaction force acts at the contact points of the wheel in a direction opposite to the applied force. The wheel rolls without rupturing the cold welds. That is why the rolling friction is extremely small than sliding friction.
What you know about the following:
Tension in a string
Limiting force of friction
Breaking force
Skidding of vehicles
Seatbelts
Banking of roads
Cream separator
Tension in a string:
Consider a block supported by a string. The upper end of the string is fixed on a stand. Let w be the weight of the block. The block pulls the string downwards by its weight. This causes a tension “T” in the string. The tension T in the string is action upwards at the block. As the block is at rest, therefore, the weight of the tension T in the string must be equal and opposite to the weight w of the body.
Limiting force of friction:
Friction is equal to the applied force that tends to move a body at rest. It increases with the applied force friction has a maximum value of friction is known as the force of limiting friction Fs. It depends upon the normal reaction processing force between the two surfaces in contact. And mathematically.
Fs = µR
Where co-efficient of friction= µ
R = normal reaction
Fs = focfceof limiting friction
Breaking force:
To stop a car quickly, a large force of friction between the tyres and the road is needed. But there is a limit to this force of friction that tyres can provide. If the brakes are applied too strongly, the wheel of the car will lock up and the car will skid due to its large momentum. It will lose its direction control that may result in an accident. In order to reduce the chance of skidding, it is advisable not to apply brakes too hard that lock up their rolling motion especially at high speeds. Force exerted by brakes is called braking force.
Skidding of vehicles:
To stop a car or vehicle quickly a large force of friction between the tyres and the roads is needed. But there is a limit to this force of friction that tyres can provide. If the brake are applied too strongly, the wheels of the car will lock up and the car will skid due to its large momentum. Its directional control will be lost and its would meet an accident. In order to reduce the chance of skidding, it is advisable not to apply brakes too hard that lock up their rolling motion especially at high speed. Moreover it is unsafe to drive a vehicle with worn out tyres.
Seatbelts:
In case of an accident, a person not wearing seat belt will continue moving until stopped suddenly by something before him. This something may be a windscreen, another passenger or back of the seat in the front of him. Seatbelts are useful in two ways.
They provide an external force to a person wearing seat belt.
The additional time is required time is required for stretching seat belts. This prolongs the stopping time for momentum to change and reduces the effect of collision.
Banking of the roads:
When a car takes a turn, centripetal force is needed to keep it in its curved track. The friction between the tyres and the road provides the necessary centripetal force. The car would skid if the force friction between the tyres and the road is not sufficient enough particularly when the roads are wet. This problem is solved by banking of curved roads. Banking of a road means that the outer edge of a road is raised. Imagine a vehicle on a curved road. Banking cause a component of vehicle’s weight to provide the necessary centripetal force while taking a turn. Thus banking of roads prevents skidding of vehicle and thus makes the driving safe.
Cream separator:
Most modern plants use a separator to control the fat contents of various products. A separator is a high-speed spinner. It acts on the same principle of centrifuge machines. The bowl spins at very high speed causing the heavier contents of milk to move outward in the bowl pushing the lighter content inward towards the spinning axis. Cream or butterfat is lighter than other components in milk. Therefore, skimmed milk, which is denser than cream is collected at the outer wall of the bowl. The lighter part is pushed towards the centre from where it is collected through a pipe.
What would happen if all friction suddenly disappears?
If there was no friction then we could not walk on the ground. Nothing would be steady on the ground and it would be nearly impossible to keep things still as there would be no force to oppose an object motion. Everything would be slide around would not be stopped. There would be no sound because the waves have to be transferred with air friction, many things would be just sliding and sliding. Infact, nothing would exist in universe, without friction.
Why the spinner of a washing machine is made to spin at a very high speed?
Spinner of a washing machine is made to spin at a very high speed. Because when it spins at high speed, the water from wet clothes is forced out through these holes due to lack of centripetal force.
Define Law of Inertia.
Newton’s first law of motion deal with the inertia property of matter, so Newton’s first law of motion is also known as law of inertia.
Statement: A body continues its state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line provided no net force acts on it.
Define momentum and write the formula.
Momentum: Momentum of a body is the quantity of motion possessed by the body. Momentum of a body is equal to the product of its mass and velocity.
Formula: The momentum P of a body is given by the product of its mass m and its velocity v.
P = mv
Define inertia.
Inertia: Inertia of a body is its property due to which it resists any change in its state of rest or motion.
Differentiate between force and inertia.
Force: A force is a push or pull. It moves or tends to move, stops or tends to stop the motion of a body. The force can also change the direction of motion of a body.
Inertia: Inertia of a body is its property due to which it resists any change in its state of rest or motion.
What is meant by dynamics?
Dynamics: The branch of mechanics that deals with the study of motion of an object and the cause of its motion is called dynamics.
Dive two differences between mass and weight.
Mass:
Mass of a body is the quantity of matter that it possesses.
Mass is a scalar quantity
Weight:
Weight of the body is equal to the force with which Earth attracts it.
Weight is a vector quantity.
What is the relation between force and momentum?
When a force acts on a body, it produces acceleration in the body and will be equal to the rate of change of momentum of the body. We can write it as;
Change in momentum = final momentum – initial momentum
Pf – Pi = mvf – mvi
Thus, rate of change in momentum is given by.
Pf – Pi/t = m (vf – vi/t)
As, vf – vi/t = a
Pf – Pi/t = ma. __(I)
And Newton’s second law of motion tells us that;
F = ma
By putting the value of F in eq. (I)
Pf – Pi/t = F which is the required relation.
State Newton’s First Law of Motion.
A body continues its state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line provided no net force acts on it.
Give Law of conservation of momentum.
Law of conservation of momentum: The momentum of an isolated system of two or more than two interaction bodies before and after the collision remains the same is known as law of conservation of momentum. Let two bodies of masses m1 and m2 moving with velocities v1 and v2 respectively before collision and their velocities after collision become u1 and u2 respectively. According to the statement of law of conservation of momentum.
M1v1 + m2v2 = m1u1 + m2u2
Define Newton’s third Law of Motion: To every action there is always an equal but opposite reaction.
Example: Take an air-filled balloon. When the balloon is set free, the sir inside it rushes out and the balloon moves forward.
What will be the tension in a string that is pulled from its ends by two opposite forces 100 N each?
The tension is the string is 100 N.
State Second Law of Motion.
Statement: When a net force acts on a body, it produces acceleration on the body in the direction of the net force. The magnitude of this acceleration is directly proportional to the net force acting on the body and inversely proportional to its mass.
Prove F = ma
If a force produces an acceleration “a” in a body of mass “m” then it can be stated mathematically that
a ∝ F___(1)
a ∝ 1/F__(2)
by combining eq. (1) and (2)
a ∝ F/m
a = K
F = ma
What is Atwood Machine? Give its one use.
Atwood Machine: An atwood machine is an arrangement of two objects of unequal masses. Both the objects are attached to the ends of string. The string passes over a frictionless pulley. This arrangement is sometime used to find the acceleration due to gravity by the following formula.
g = a
A body of mass 5 kg is moving with a velocity of 10 ms-1. Find the force required to stop it in 2 seconds.
m = 5kg
vi = 10 ms-1
vf = 0 ms-1
t = 2s
F = ?
Pi =
vi = 10 ms-1
vf = 0 ms-1
t = 2s
F = ?
Pi = mvi
Pi = 5kg x 10 ms-1
Pi = 50 Ns
Pf = mvf
Pf = 5 kg x 0 ms-1
Pf = 0 Ns
Since F =
F =
F = 25 Ns
Thus 25 N, force is required to stop the body.
The weight of a body is 147N. what will be its mass? Value of g is 10 m/s
Weight = w = 147 N
Gravitational acceleration =g = 10ms-1
To find out:
Mass = ?
Formula:
W = mg
M = w/g
Solution: By putting values, we get:
147/10 = m
m = 14.7 kg
The required mass of the body is 14.7 kg.
Find the acceleration produced by a force of 100N in a mass of 50kg.
Sol. Force = F= 100N
Mass = m = 50kh
To find out: Acceleration = a =?
Formula F = ma
Solution: by putting values, we get;
100 = (50)(a)
a = 100/50
a = 2 ms-2
The required acceleration produced by a force is 2 ms-2.
Define force and its SI unit.
Force: A force is a push or pull. It moves or tends to move, stops or tends to stop the motion of a body. The force can also change the direction of motion of a body.
Unit: In SI, unit of force is Newton N.
Newton: One newton is the force that produces an acceleration of 1ms-2 in a body of mass of 1 kg.
How much force is needed to prevent a body of mass 10 kg from falling?
Data
Mass = m = 10 kg
Gravitational acceleration = g = 10 ms-2
To Find out: Force = F =?
Formula: In this case F = w = mg
Solution: By putting values, we get;
F = (10)(10)
F =100N
The required force to prevent a body of mass 10kg is 100N.
Describe two ways to reduce friction.
The friction can be reduced by:
Making the sliding surfaces as smooth as possible.
Making the fast moving objects a streamline shape such as cars, trains, and aeroplanes. This causes the smooth flow of air around their bodies and thus minimizes air resistance at high speeds.
What type of shoes are better for jogging and why?
The rough surface shoe is better for jogging. Because it suffers more friction and prevent from slipping.
What is meant by coefficient of friction? Write its mathematical form.
Co-efficient of friction:
The ratio between the force of limiting friction Fs and normal reaction R is constant. This constant is called the co-efficient of friction and is represented by µ.
Formula: µ = Fs/R
If m is the mass of the block, then for horizontal surface
R = mg
Fs = µmg
Fs/mg = µ
Differentiate between siding friction and rolling friction.
Sliding friction:
A force between the sliding objects which opposes the relative motion between them is called sliding friction.
The magnitude of sliding friction is very large as compare to rolling friction.
Rolling friction:
Rolling friction is the force of friction between a rolling body and the surface over which it rolls.
The magnitude of rolling friction is very small as compare to sliding friction.
Write down two advantages and disadvantages of friction.
Advantages of friction:
It cannot be written if there would be no friction between paper and pencil.
Friction enables us to walk on ground. We cannot run on a slippery ground because it offers very little friction.
Disadvantages of friction:
Friction is undesirable when moving with high speeds because it opposes the motion and thus limits the speed of moving objects.
Most of our useful energy is lost as heat and sound due to the friction between various moving parts of machines.
What is meant by rolling friction?
Rolling friction:
Rolling friction is the force of friction between a rolling body and the surface over which it rolls.
The magnitude of rolling friction is very small as compare to sliding friction.
What is the reason for slipping on wet ground? Explain.
Friction enables us to walk on wet ground. We cannot run on a slippery ground because it offers very little friction.
Define friction and write equation.
The force that opposes the motion of moving objects is called friction.
i.e. F = µR
How does cream separator work?
A separator is a high-speed spinner. It acts on the same principle of centrifuge machines. The bowl spins at very high speed causing the heavier contents of milk to move outward in the bowl pushing the lighter content inward towards the spinning axis. Cream or butterfat is lighter than other components in milk. Therefore, skimmed milk, which is denser than cream is collected at the outer wall of the bowl. The lighter part is pushed towards the centre from where it is collected through a pipe.
Define and write down equation of centripetal force.
Centripetal force: The force which keeps the body to move in a circular path is called the centripetal force.
Fc = mv2/r
Define Centripetal force and Circular Motion.
Centripetal force: The force which keeps the body to move in a circular path is called centripetal force.
Fc = mv2/r
Circular Motion:
The motion of an object in a circular path is known as circular motion.
Define Centrifugal force.
Centripetal reaction that pulls the string outward is sometimes called the centrifugal force.
Every day starts better when you brush your teeth and feel refreshed. After that, it's important to have breakfast to fuel your morning. Some days, you might be tempted to eat fast food, but a balanced meal will keep you feeling great. If you stay up late the night before, though, mornings can feel a little rough, so it’s best to get enough sleep.
To stay healthy, don’t forget to exercise regularly. A quick jog or a few stretches can make a big difference. And after your workout, always remember to wash your hands to stay clean and safe.
If you have some free time, visiting a bookstore or library can be a great way to relax and learn something new. Whether it’s the latest novel or a useful reference book, there’s always something to discover. For those interested in culture and history, a trip to the museum can be just as inspiring.
However, life isn’t always about leisure. If you ever feel unwell, don’t hesitate to visit a hospital to take care of your health. When you're out and about, safety comes first. Always wear a helmet if you’re riding a bike or scooter. And when crossing the street, use the crosswalk to stay safe and follow traffic rules.
Hello Katie,
Thank you for contacting eBay Customer support. My name is Adam and I am here to help you ahead.
I understand that you want buyer's contact details for DHL or Skynet shipping slip, however you are not getting buyer's contact details. Please be assured; I’ll surely assist you regarding this.
I know you genuinely want to help the buyer, first of all, undoubtedly I want to appreciate your efforts and level of professionalism you have shown to figure out the matter from yourself.
Katie, after reviewing the details, please allow me to share that as per the recent updates from the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which needs to be abide by every organization, sellers will no longer be able to receive buyer’s email address, contact number, etc. Instead, eBay alias email address will be assigned which is unique to each seller/buyer combination.
This change is made to protect our customer’s privacy and reduce the risk of spam.
In this case, if you want to receive the exact contact details of the buyer, you can contact the buyer from your end and request for it.
Hence, I would recommend you to contact the buyer from your end.
I hope this information helped you with your concern. As a valued customer we will always be at your service.
Thank you for your understanding and patience.
Thanks and Regards,
Adam S.
eBay Customer Support
17, 1955. July 17, 2005. Downtown Disney 3
2025 Mudded Fitting/Mezz Mech Rm 12*12 Joyous Floor Tile/Office Near Stair Top Celebration/Office Near Stair Top Sheetrock/Mezz Mech Rm Hallway Ceiling 4" Pipe Covering/Mezz Mech Rm New Year Sheetrock/Mezz 2025 West Mech Rm Ceiling Joint Compound/Mezz West End Hall Joint Compound/Mezz Center Hall Winter Cabinet 12*12 Floor Tile/Glee Break Room Adhesive/Mezz Break Room Mudded Confetti/1F Receiving Door Area 12*2025 Floor Tile/Resolution Cutting Area Adhesive/1F Meat Cutting Area 12*12 Floor Tile/2025F Doors Btwn Rcving & Chilly Adhesive/2025F Doors Btwn Rcving & Dairy 12*12 Floor Tile/2025F Near Dairy Cooler, Floor Tile 12*12 Floor Tile/2025F Near Snowflake Cooler, Mastic 12*12 Floor Tile/2025F Near Happy Meat Cooler 12*12 Floor Tile/2025F Produce Area Ceiling Texture/2025F SE Corner Near Cust Svc Ceiling Toast/2025F SE Corner Vestibule 12*12 Mirror Ball/1F Aisle 2025 9*9 Floor Tile/Produce Area Mastic/Produce Area
The Appeal was dismissed by the learned Additional Sessions Judge, South East, Saket Courts, New Delhi vide order dated 25th March, 2012, Thereafter, the appellants after expiry of three weeks filed second application under Section 438 Cr. P. C. which came to be considered by the learned Additional Sessions Judge-2, South east, New Delhi, who allowed the same by the impugned order dated 10th March, 2012. The aforesaid order was assailed before the High Court on two grounds, first the accused persons had misrepresented the facts and that there was no change in the misrepresented the facts and that there was no change in the circumstances and second the application for grant of anticipatory bail could not have been entertained by the learned Additional Sessions Judge-4, for the first application was rejected by the learned Additional Sessions Judge-6, South East Saket.
The High Court referred to certain decisions with regard to the parameters for grant of anticipatory bail, absence of change of circumstances, conduct of the accused persons in the manner in which they had executed the agreement for sale, the need for custodial interrogation and the impropriety in view of the fact that another court had entertained the application for consideration despite the fact that the first application was earlier rejected by another court and analysing these aspects, set aside the order for grant of bail. It is necessary to state here that the High Court has drawn a distinction between an order passed which is perverse in nature inviting the wrath of impropriety and cancelling order of bail due to supervising circumstances after the grant of bail.
We have heard the learned senior counsel for the appellants, learned A.S.G. for the State of N.C.T. of Delhi and the learned counsel for the informant, the 2nd respondent. On a perusal of the order passed by the High Court, we find that it has felt disturbed that the second application under Section 438 Cr. P.C. was allowed by another Additional Sessions Judge who had not dealt with the first application. It has opined that the Second Judge who has dealt with the matter on the first occasion, had neither been transferred from the said court, nor had he become incapacitated to come to court.
A force is a push or pull. It moves or tends to move, stops or tends to stop the motion of a body. Inertia of a body is its property due to which it resists any change in its state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line. Momentum of a body is the quantity of motion possessed by the body. The force that opposes the motion of a body is called friction. Newton's first law of motion states that a body continues its state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line provided no net force acts on it. Newton's second law of motion states that when a net force acts on a body, it produces acceleration in the body in the direction of the net force. The magnitude of this acceleration is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. SI unit of force is newton. It is defined as the force which produces an acceleration of 1ms2 in a body of mass 1kg. Mass of a body is the quantity of matter possessed by it. It is a scalar quantity. SI unit of mass is kilogramme. Weight of a body is the force equal to the force with which Earth attracts it. It is a vector quantity. SI unit of weight is newton. Newton's third law of motion states that to every action there is always an equal and opposite reaction.
The acceleration and tension in a system of two bodies attached to the ends of a string that passes over a frictionless pulley such that both move vertically are given by: a=(m1-m2/m1+m2)*g ; T=(2m1.m2/m1+m2)*g
The acceleration and tension in a system of two bodies attached to the ends of a string that passes over a frictionless pulley such that one moves vertically and the other moves on a smooth horizontal surface are given by: a=(m1/m1+m2)g ; T=(m1.m2/m1+m2)g.
Law of conservation of momentum states that the momentum of an isolated system of two or more than two interacting bodies remains constant. A system is a group of interacting bodies within certain boundaries. An isolated system is a group of interacting bodies on which no external force is acting. Collisions: m1.u1+m2.u2 = m1.v1+m2.v2. A gun and a bullet: M V + m v = 0. Hence M V = -m v.
A force between the sliding objects which opposes the relative motion between them is called friction. Friction is equal to the applied force that tends to move a body at rest. It increases with the applied force. Friction can be increased to certain maximum value. It does not increase beyond this. The maximum value of frictions known as the force of limiting friction (Fs). It depends on the normal reaction (pressing force) between the two surfaces in contact. The ratio between the force of limiting friction Fs and the normal reaction R is constant. This constant is called the coefficient of friction.
Glass and Glass 0.9 Glass and Metal 0.5-0.7 Ice and Wood 0.05 Iron and Iron 1.0 Rubber and Concrete 0.6 Steel and Steel 0.8 Tyre and Road, dry 1 Tyre and Road, wet 0.2 Wood and Wood 0.25-0.6 Wood and Concrete 0.62
Rolling friction is the force of friction between a rolling body and a surface over which it rolls. Rolling friction is lesser than the sliding friction. Why? For example in a wheel, when the axle of a wheel is pushed, the force of friction between the wheel and the ground at the point of contact provides reaction force. The reaction force acts at the contact points of the wheel in a direction opposite to the applied force. The wheel rolls without rupturing the cold welds. That is why the rolling friction is extremely small than sliding friction.
Braking and Skidding: The wheels of a moving vehicle have two velocity components: 1. motion of wheels along the road, 2. rotation of wheels about their axis. To move a vehicle on the road as well as to stop a moving vehicle requires friction between its tyres and the road. For example, if the road is slippery or the tyres are worn out then the tyres instead of rolling, slip over the road. The vehicle will not move if the wheels start slipping at the same point on the slipper road. Thus for the wheels to roll, the force of friction (gripping force) between the tyres and the road must be enough that prevents them from slipping. Similarly, to stop a car quickly, a large force of friction between the tyres and the road is needed. But there is a limit to this force of friction that the tyres can provide. If the brakes are applied too strongly, the wheels of the car will lock up (stop turning) and the car will skid due to its large momentum. It will lose its directional control that may result in an accident. In order to reduce the chance of skidding, it is advisable not to apply brakes too hard that lock up their rolling motion especially at high speeds. Moreover, it is unsafe to drive a vehicle with worn out tyres.
The friction causes loss of energy in machine and much work has to be done in overcoming it. Moreover, friction leads to much wear and tear on the moving parts of the machine. The friction can be reduced by: Smoothing the sliding surfaces in contact, using lubricants between sliding surfaces, using ball bearings or roller bearings.
The motion of a body moving along a circular path is called circular motion. The force which keeps the body to move in a circular path is called the centripetal force and is given by Fc=m.v2/r (Fc=T)
According to Newton's third law of motion, there exists a reaction to the centripetal force. Centripetal reaction that pulls the string outward is sometimes called centrifungal force.
BANKING OF THE ROADS
When a car takes a turn, centripetal force is needed to keep it in its curved track. The friction between the tyres and the road provides the necessary centripetal force. The car would skid if the force of friction between the tyres and the road is not sufficient enough particularly when the roads are wet. This problem is solved by banking of curved roads. Banking of a road means that the outer edge of a road is raised. Imagine a vehicle on a curved road. Banking causes a component of vehicle's weight to provide the necessary centripetal force while taking a turn. Thus banking of roads prevents skidding of vehicle and thus makes the driving safe.
WASHING MACHINE DRYER
The dryer of a washing machine is basket spinners. They have a perforated wall having large numbers of fine holes in the cylindrical rotor as shown in figure 3.30. The lid of the cylindrical container is closed after putting wet clothes in it. When it spins at high speed, the water from wet clothes is forced out through these holes due to lack of centripetal force.
CREAM SEPARATOR
Most modern plants use a separator to control the fat contents of various products. A separator is a high-speed spinner. It acts on the same principle of centrifuge machines. The bowl spins at very high speed causing the heavier contents of milk to move outward in the bowl pushing the lighter contents inward towards the spinning axis. Cream or butterfat is lighter than other components in milk. Therefore, skimmed milk, which is denser than cream is collected at the outer wall of the bowl. The lighter part (cream) is pushed towards the centre from where it is collected through a pipe.
A force between the sliding objects which opposes the relative motion between them is called friction. Friction is equal to the applied force that tends to move a body at rest. It increases with the applied force. Friction can be increased to certain maximum value. It does not increase beyond this. The maximum value of frictions known as the force of limiting friction (Fs). It depends on the normal reaction (pressing force) between the two surfaces in contact. The ratio between the force of limiting friction Fs and the normal reaction R is constant. This constant is called the coefficient of friction.
Glass and Glass 0.9 Glass and Metal 0.5-0.7 Ice and Wood 0.05 Iron and Iron 1.0 Rubber and Concrete 0.6 Steel and Steel 0.8 Tyre and Road, dry 1 Tyre and Road, wet 0.2 Wood and Wood 0.25-0.6 Wood and Concrete 0.62
Rolling friction is the force of friction between a rolling body and a surface over which it rolls. Rolling friction is lesser than the sliding friction. Why? For example in a wheel, when the axle of a wheel is pushed, the force of friction between the wheel and the ground at the point of contact provides reaction force. The reaction force acts at the contact points of the wheel in a direction opposite to the applied force. The wheel rolls without rupturing the cold welds. That is why the rolling friction is extremely small than sliding friction.
Braking and Skidding: The wheels of a moving vehicle have two velocity components: 1. motion of wheels along the road, 2. rotation of wheels about their axis. To move a vehicle on the road as well as to stop a moving vehicle requires friction between its tyres and the road. For example, if the road is slippery or the tyres are worn out then the tyres instead of rolling, slip over the road. The vehicle will not move if the wheels start slipping at the same point on the slipper road. Thus for the wheels to roll, the force of friction (gripping force) between the tyres and the road must be enough that prevents them from slipping. Similarly, to stop a car quickly, a large force of friction between the tyres and the road is needed. But there is a limit to this force of friction that the tyres can provide. If the brakes are applied too strongly, the wheels of the car will lock up (stop turning) and the car will skid due to its large momentum. It will lose its directional control that may result in an accident. In order to reduce the chance of skidding, it is advisable not to apply brakes too hard that lock up their rolling motion especially at high speeds. Moreover, it is unsafe to drive a vehicle with worn out tyres.
The friction causes loss of energy in machine and much work has to be done in overcoming it. Moreover, friction leads to much wear and tear on the moving parts of the machine. The friction can be reduced by: Smoothing the sliding surfaces in contact, using lubricants between sliding surfaces, using ball bearings or roller bearings.
The motion of a body moving along a circular path is called circular motion. The force which keeps the body to move in a circular path is called the centripetal force and is given by Fc=m.v2/r (Fc=T)
According to Newton's third law of motion, there exists a reaction to the centripetal force. Centripetal reaction that pulls the string outward is sometimes called centrifungal force.
BANKING OF THE ROADS
When a car takes a turn, centripetal force is needed to keep it in its curved track. The friction between the tyres and the road provides the necessary centripetal force. The car would skid if the force of friction between the tyres and the road is not sufficient enough particularly when the roads are wet. This problem is solved by banking of curved roads. Banking of a road means that the outer edge of a road is raised. Imagine a vehicle on a curved road. Banking causes a component of vehicle's weight to provide the necessary centripetal force while taking a turn. Thus banking of roads prevents skidding of vehicle and thus makes the driving safe.
WASHING MACHINE DRYER
The dryer of a washing machine is basket spinners. They have a perforated wall having large numbers of fine holes in the cylindrical rotor as shown in figure 3.30. The lid of the cylindrical container is closed after putting wet clothes in it. When it spins at high speed, the water from wet clothes is forced out through these holes due to lack of centripetal force.
CREAM SEPARATOR
Most modern plants use a separator to control the fat contents of various products. A separator is a high-speed spinner. It acts on the same principle of centrifuge machines. The bowl spins at very high speed causing the heavier contents of milk to move outward in the bowl pushing the lighter contents inward towards the spinning axis. Cream or butterfat is lighter than other components in milk. Therefore, skimmed milk, which is denser than cream is collected at the outer wall of the bowl. The lighter part (cream) is pushed towards the centre from where it is collected through a pipe.
1. The Mystery of Similar Shapes
Hey, smart people, Joe here.
Ever notice how if you look at part of a tree, it looks a lot like an entire tree? And why does this underground part of a tree look so much like the rest of the tree? That’s pretty weird. This isn’t a tree, but it sort of looks like one. And so does this, hmm. And these branches, sure look an awful lot like these branches, except those are blood vessels and so are these, which also kind of look like a tree, although this part reminds me of a river or maybe every river? Lightning, lungs, cracks in the ceiling, what’s going on here? Why do all these things look so similar? Once you start seeing it, you see it everywhere. It haunts your dreams! It’s like there’s some spooky connection between rivers and lightning bolts and broccoli and trees and all sorts of living and non-living things.
2. The Power of Fractals
Well, all these objects have one thing in common: zoom in or out, and we see the same branching pattern repeat itself over and over at different scales. These are fractals, a special kind of self-similar shape that mathematicians, and the rest of us, go extra crazy for. And this video is about why we see them everywhere.
3. Self-Similarity in Nature
I don’t know if you’ve ever looked at a tree as deeply as I have, but that weird thing where part of the tree also looks like a tree, that’s called self-similarity. It’s like one of those triangles with an infinite number of smaller triangles inside it or whatever this thing is. And unlike the self-similar shapes we see in nature, these perfectly self-similar shapes are infinite. We could zoom in or out and continue to see those patterns repeat forever!
4. Fractals and Dimensions
Mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot named these self-repeating shapes fractals because they exist sort of in between dimensions or in fractured dimensions. What the heck does that mean? Let’s take a quick sidebar to talk about how the way that mathematicians use a word, it isn’t always the same as how you and I use a word.
5. Scaling and Space
You and I think of dimensions as the three that we live in or the two that exist on paper or even the one dimension of a line because that’s what we learned in geometry class. What Mandelbrot meant by “dimension” has to do with how different shapes fill space as they get bigger or smaller, and this is kind of the key thing for us as we explore fractals in nature.
6. The Efficiency of Fractals
What’s amazing is that as much as these fractal shapes pop up in nature, there isn’t a single gene or law of physics or brain making all these things grow fractal branches. But one by one, as each of these systems evolved to be as efficient as possible, they all landed on the same solution to their individual problems, letting us look at things in an interestingly new dimension and making them infinitely interesting.
7. Fractals in Living Systems
By growing out each level as a smaller version of the previous level, a tree can pack a bunch of surface area in its volume—not an infinite amount like a mathematically perfect fractal, but it’s a pretty cool way of soaking up more sun without wasting energy by getting all bulky. Similarly, trees’ roots grow in a fractal pattern to maximize the volume the tree can draw from without wasting unneeded energy building plumbing that’s too big.
8. Our Bodies as Fractal Systems
Meanwhile, inside our bodies, we have our own little trees. A lung’s job is to take in oxygen, and an adult body needs around 15 liters of O2 every hour. If our lungs were just two balloons, they’d never keep up. Fractal branching means our lungs can hold half the area of a tennis court while staying packed up nicely inside our chest.
9. Fractals in the Non-Living World
This secret pattern shows up in non-living things too. All around the world, from their sources to their ends, rivers arrange themselves into branching shapes. Cracks and lightning bolts are both ways of dissipating energy, and it shouldn’t surprise you that fractal branches are the most efficient way to do that inside of a given space.
10. Infinite Complexity, Infinite Interest
And when scientists model all these ways of growing, it turns out that, like perfect mathematical fractals, these branching shapes are best described as in-between dimensions. Similar fractals, but a different reason. Here, things like temperature, humidity, and the concentration of different chemicals act as a set of rules for building the thing. And as these structures grow, those rules repeat themselves at multiple scales giving us self-similar fractal shapes. Stay curious.
My name is Kathy H. I’m thirty-one years old, and I’ve been a carer now for over eleven years. That sounds long enough, I know, but actually they want me to go on for another eight months, until the end of this year. That’ll make it almost exactly twelve years. Now I know my being a carer so long isn’t necessarily because they think I’m fantastic at what I do. There are some really good carers who’ve been told to stop after just two or three years. And I can think of one carer at least who went on for all of fourteen years despite being a complete waste of space. So I’m not trying to boast. But then I do know for a fact they’ve been pleased with my work, and by and large, I have too. My donors have always tended to do much better than expected. Their recovery times have been impressive, and hardly any of them have been classified as “agitated,” even before fourth donation. Okay, maybe I am boasting now. But it means a lot to me, being able to do my work well, especially that bit about my donors staying “calm.” I’ve developed a kind of instinct around donors. I know when to hang around and comfort them, when to leave them to themselves; when to listen to everything they have to say, and when just to shrug and tell them to snap out of it.
Anyway, I’m not making any big claims for myself. I know carers, working now, who are just as good and don’t get half the credit. If you’re one of them, I can understand how you might get resentful
—about my bedsit, my car, above all, the way I get to pick and choose who I look after. And I’m a Hailsham student—which is enough by itself sometimes to get people’s backs up. Kathy H., they say, she gets to pick and choose, and she always chooses her own kind: people from Hailsham, or one of the other privileged estates. No wonder she has a great record. I’ve heard it said enough, so I’m sure you’ve heard it plenty more, and maybe there’s something in it. But I’m not the first to be allowed to pick and choose, and I doubt if I’ll be the last. And anyway, I’ve done my share of looking after donors brought up in every kind of place. By the time I finish, remember, I’ll have done twelve years of this, and it’s only for the last six they’ve let me choose.
And why shouldn’t they? Carers aren’t machines. You try and do your best for every donor, but in the end, it wears you down. You don’t have unlimited patience and energy. So when you get a chance to choose, of course, you choose your own kind. That’s natural. There’s no way I could have gone on for as long as I have if I’d stopped feeling for my donors every step of the way. And anyway, if I’d never started choosing, how would I ever have got close again to Ruth and Tommy after all those
years?
But these days, of course, there are fewer and fewer donors left who I remember, and so in practice, I haven’t been choosing that much. As I say, the work gets a lot harder when you don’t have that deeper link with the donor, and though I’ll miss being a carer, it feels just about right to be finishing at last come the end of the year.
Ruth, incidentally, was only the third or fourth donor I got to choose. She already had a carer assigned to her at the time, and I remember it taking a bit of nerve on my part. But in the end I managed it, and the instant I saw her again, at that recovery centre in Dover, all our differences—
while they didn’t exactly vanish—seemed not nearly as important as all the other things: like the fact that we’d grown up together at Hailsham, the fact that we knew and remembered things no one else did. It’s ever since then, I suppose, I started seeking out for my donors people from the past, and whenever I could, people from Hailsham.
There have been times over the years when I’ve tried to leave Hailsham behind, when I’ve told myself I shouldn’t look back so much. But then there came a point when I just stopped resisting. It had to do with this particular donor I had once, in my third year as a carer; it was his reaction when I mentioned I was from Hailsham. He’d just come through his third donation, it hadn’t gone well, and he must have known he wasn’t going to make it. He could hardly breathe, but he looked towards me and said: “Hailsham. I bet that was a beautiful place.” Then the next morning, when I was making conversation to keep his mind off it all, and I asked where he’d grown up, he mentioned some place in Dorset and his face beneath the blotches went into a completely new kind of grimace. And I realised then how desperately he didn’t want reminded. Instead, he wanted to hear about Hailsham.
So over the next five or six days, I told him whatever he wanted to know, and he’d lie there, all hooked up, a gentle smile breaking through. He’d ask me about the big things and the little things.
About our guardians, about how we each had our own collection chests under our beds, the football, the rounders, the little path that took you all round the outside of the main house, round all its nooks and crannies, the duck pond, the food, the view from the Art Room over the fields on a foggy morning.
Sometimes he’d make me say things over and over; things I’d told him only the day before, he’d ask about like I’d never told him. “Did you have a sports pavilion?” “Which guardian was your special favourite?” At first I thought this was just the drugs, but then I realised his mind was clear enough.
What he wanted was not just to hear about Hailsham, but to remember Hailsham, just like it had been his own childhood. He knew he was close to completing and so that’s what he was doing: getting me to describe things to him, so they’d really sink in, so that maybe during those sleepless nights, with the drugs and the pain and the exhaustion, the line would blur between what were my memories and what were his. That was when I first understood, really understood, just how lucky we’d been—Tommy, Ruth, me, all the rest of us.
DRIVING AROUND THE COUNTRY NOW, I still see things that will remind me of Hailsham. I
might pass the corner of a misty field, or see part of a large house in the distance as I come down the side of a valley, even a particular arrangement of poplar trees up on a hillside, and I’ll think: “Maybe that’s it! I’ve found it! This actually is Hailsham!” Then I see it’s impossible and I go on driving, my thoughts drifting on elsewhere. In particular, there are those pavilions. I spot them all over the country, standing on the far side of playing fields, little white prefab buildings with a row of windows unnaturally high up, tucked almost under the eaves. I think they built a whole lot like that in the fifties and sixties, which is probably when ours was put up. If I drive past one I keep looking over to it for as long as possible, and one day I’ll crash the car like that, but I keep doing it. Not long ago I was driving through an empty stretch of Worcestershire and saw one beside a cricket ground so like ours at Hailsham I actually turned the car and went back for a second look.
We loved our sports pavilion, maybe because it reminded us of those sweet little cottages people always had in picture books when we were young. I can remember us back in the Juniors, pleading with guardians to hold the next lesson in the pavilion instead of the usual room. Then by the time we were in Senior 2—when we were twelve, going on thirteen—the pavilion had become the place to hide out with your best friends when you wanted to get away from the rest of Hailsham.
The pavilion was big enough to take two separate groups without them bothering each other—in the summer, a third group could hang about out on the veranda. But ideally you and your friends wanted the place just to yourselves, so there was often jockeying and arguing. The guardians were always telling us to be civilised about it, but in practice, you needed to have some strong personalities in your group to stand a chance of getting the pavilion during a break or free period. I wasn’t exactly the wilting type myself, but I suppose it was really because of Ruth we got in there as often as we did.
Usually we just spread ourselves around the chairs and benches—there’d be five of us, six if Jenny B. came along—and had a good gossip. There was a kind of conversation that could only happen when you were hidden away in the pavilion; we might discuss something that was worrying us, or we might end up screaming with laughter, or in a furious row. Mostly, it was a way to unwind for a while with your closest friends.
On the particular afternoon I’m now thinking of, we were standing up on stools and benches, crowding around the high windows. That gave us a clear view of the North Playing Field where about a dozen boys from our year and Senior 3 had gathered to play football. There was bright sunshine, but it must have been raining earlier that day because I can remember how the sun was glinting on the muddy surface of the grass.
Someone said we shouldn’t be so obvious about watching, but we hardly moved back at all. Then Ruth said: “He doesn’t suspect a thing. Look at him. He really doesn’t suspect a thing.”
When she said this, I looked at her and searched for signs of disapproval about what the boys were going to do to Tommy. But the next second Ruth gave a little laugh and said: “The idiot!”
And I realised that for Ruth and the others, whatever the boys chose to do was pretty remote from us; whether we approved or not didn’t come into it. We were gathered around the windows at that
moment not because we relished the prospect of seeing Tommy get humiliated yet again, but just because we’d heard about this latest plot and were vaguely curious to watch it unfold. In those days, I don’t think what the boys did amongst themselves went much deeper than that. For Ruth, for the others, it was that detached, and the chances are that’s how it was for me too.
Or maybe I’m remembering it wrong. Maybe even then, when I saw Tommy rushing about that field, undisguised delight on his face to be accepted back in the fold again, about to play the game at which he so excelled, maybe I did feel a little stab of pain. What I do remember is that I noticed Tommy was wearing the light blue polo shirt he’d got in the Sales the previous month—the one he was so proud of. I remember thinking: “He’s really stupid, playing football in that. It’ll get ruined, then how’s he going to feel?” Out loud, I said, to no one in particular: “Tommy’s got his shirt on. His favourite polo shirt.”
I don’t think anyone heard me, because they were all laughing at Laura—the big clown in our group
—mimicking one after the other the expressions that appeared on Tommy’s face as he ran, waved, called, tackled. The other boys were all moving around the field in that deliberately languorous way they have when they’re warming up, but Tommy, in his excitement, seemed already to be going full pelt. I said, louder this time: “He’s going to be so sick if he ruins that shirt.” This time Ruth heard me, but she must have thought I’d meant it as some kind of joke, because she laughed half-heartedly, then made some quip of her own.
Then the boys had stopped kicking the ball about, and were standing in a pack in the mud, their chests gently rising and falling as they waited for the team picking to start. The two captains who emerged were from Senior 3, though everyone knew Tommy was a better player than any of that year.
They tossed for first pick, then the one who’d won stared at the group.
“Look at him,” someone behind me said. “He’s completely convinced he’s going to be first pick.
Just look at him!”
There was something comical about Tommy at that moment, something that made you think, well, yes, if he’s going to be that daft, he deserves what’s coming. The other boys were all pretending to ignore the picking process, pretending they didn’t care where they came in the order. Some were talking quietly to each other, some re-tying their laces, others just staring down at their feet as they trammelled the mud. But Tommy was looking eagerly at the Senior 3 boy, as though his name had already been called.
Laura kept up her performance all through the team-picking, doing all the different expressions that went across Tommy’s face: the bright eager one at the start; the puzzled concern when four picks had gone by and he still hadn’t been chosen; the hurt and panic as it began to dawn on him what was really going on. I didn’t keep glancing round at Laura, though, because I was watching Tommy; I only knew what she was doing because the others kept laughing and egging her on. Then when Tommy was left standing alone, and the boys all began sniggering, I heard Ruth say:
“It’s coming. Hold it. Seven seconds. Seven, six, five . . .”
She never got there. Tommy burst into thunderous bellowing, and the boys, now laughing openly, started to run off towards the South Playing Field. Tommy took a few strides after them—it was hard to say whether his instinct was to give angry chase or if he was panicked at being left behind. In any case he soon stopped and stood there, glaring after them, his face scarlet. Then he began to scream and shout, a nonsensical jumble of swear words and insults.
We’d all seen plenty of Tommy’s tantrums by then, so we came down off our stools and spread ourselves around the room. We tried to start up a conversation about something else, but there was Tommy going on and on in the background, and although at first we just rolled our eyes and tried to ignore it, in the end—probably a full ten minutes after we’d first moved away—we were back up at the windows again.
The other boys were now completely out of view, and Tommy was no longer trying to direct his comments in any particular direction. He was just raving, flinging his limbs about, at the sky, at the wind, at the nearest fence post. Laura said he was maybe “rehearsing his Shakespeare.” Someone else pointed out how each time he screamed something he’d raise one foot off the ground, pointing it outwards, “like a dog doing a pee.” Actually, I’d noticed the same foot movement myself, but what had struck me was that each time he stamped the foot back down again, flecks of mud flew up around his shins. I thought again about his precious shirt, but he was too far away for me to see if he’d got much mud on it.
“I suppose it is a bit cruel,” Ruth said, “the way they always work him up like that. But it’s his own fault. If he learnt to keep his cool, they’d leave him alone.”
“They’d still keep on at him,” Hannah said. “Graham K.’s temper’s just as bad, but that only makes them all the more careful with him. The reason they go for Tommy’s because he’s a layabout.”
Then everyone was talking at once, about how Tommy never even tried to be creative, about how he hadn’t even put anything in for the Spring Exchange. I suppose the truth was, by that stage, each of us was secretly wishing a guardian would come from the house and take him away. And although we hadn’t had any part in this latest plan to rile Tommy, we had taken out ringside seats, and we were starting to feel guilty. But there was no sign of a guardian, so we just kept swapping reasons why Tommy deserved everything he got. Then when Ruth looked at her watch and said even though we still had time, we should get back to the main house, nobody argued.
Tommy was still going strong as we came out of the pavilion. The house was over to our left, and since Tommy was standing in the field straight ahead of us, there was no need to go anywhere near him. In any case, he was facing the other way and didn’t seem to register us at all. All the same, as my friends set off along the edge of the field, I started to drift over towards him. I knew this would puzzle the others, but I kept going—even when I heard Ruth’s urgent whisper to me to come back.
I suppose Tommy wasn’t used to being disturbed during his rages, because his first response when I came up to him was to stare at me for a second, then carry on as before. It was like he was doing Shakespeare and I’d come up onto the stage in the middle of his performance. Even when I said:
“Tommy, your nice shirt. You’ll get it all messed up,” there was no sign of him having heard me.
So I reached forward and put a hand on his arm. Afterwards, the others thought he’d meant to do it, but I was pretty sure it was unintentional. His arms were still flailing about, and he wasn’t to know I was about to put out my hand. Anyway, as he threw up his arm, he knocked my hand aside and hit the side of my face. It didn’t hurt at all, but I let out a gasp, and so did most of the girls behind me.
That’s when at last Tommy seemed to become aware of me, of the others, of himself, of the fact that he was there in that field, behaving the way he had been, and stared at me a bit stupidly.
“Tommy,” I said, quite sternly. “There’s mud all over your shirt.”
“So what?” he mumbled. But even as he said this, he looked down and noticed the brown specks, and only just stopped himself crying out in alarm. Then I saw the surprise register on his face that I should know about his feelings for the polo shirt.
“It’s nothing to worry about,” I said, before the silence got humiliating for him. “It’ll come off. If you can’t get it off yourself, just take it to Miss Jody.”
He went on examining his shirt, then said grumpily: “It’s nothing to do with you anyway.”
He seemed to regret immediately this last remark and looked at me sheepishly, as though expecting me to say something comforting back to him. But I’d had enough of him by now, particularly with the girls watching—and for all I knew, any number of others from the windows of the main house. So I turned away with a shrug and rejoined my friends.
Ruth put an arm around my shoulders as we walked away. “At least you got him to pipe down,” she said. “Are you okay? Mad animal.”
CHAPTER TWO
This was all a long time ago so I might have some of it wrong; but my memory of it is that my approaching Tommy that afternoon was part of a phase I was going through around that time—
something to do with compulsively setting myself challenges—and I’d more or less forgotten all about it when Tommy stopped me a few days later.
I don’t know how it was where you were, but at Hailsham we had to have some form of medical almost every week—usually up in Room 18 at the very top of the house—with stern Nurse Trisha, or Crow Face, as we called her. That sunny morning a crowd of us was going up the central staircase to be examined by her, while another lot she’d just finished with was on its way down. So the stairwell was filled with echoing noise, and I was climbing the steps head down, just following the heels of the person in front, when a voice near me went: “Kath!”
Tommy, who was in the stream coming down, had stopped dead on the stairs with a big open smile that immediately irritated me. A few years earlier maybe, if we ran into someone we were pleased to see, we’d put on that sort of look. But we were thirteen by then, and this was a boy running into a girl in a really public situation. I felt like saying: “Tommy, why don’t you grow up?” But I stopped myself, and said instead: “Tommy, you’re holding everyone up. And so am I.”
He glanced upwards and sure enough the flight above was already grinding to a halt. For a second he looked panicked, then he squeezed himself right into the wall next to me, so it was just about possible for people to push past. Then he said:
“Kath, I’ve been looking all over for you. I meant to say sorry. I mean, I’m really, really sorry. I honestly didn’t mean to hit you the other day. I wouldn’t dream of hitting a girl, and even if I did, I’d never want to hit you. I’m really, really sorry.”
“It’s okay. An accident, that’s all.” I gave him a nod and made to move away. But Tommy said brightly:
“The shirt’s all right now. It all washed out.”
“That’s good.”
“It didn’t hurt, did it? When I hit you?”
“Sure. Fractured skull. Concussion, the lot. Even Crow Face might notice it. That’s if I ever get up there.”
“But seriously, Kath. No hard feelings, right? I’m awfully sorry. I am, honestly.”
At last I gave him a smile and said with no irony: “Look, Tommy, it was an accident and it’s now one hundred percent forgotten. I don’t hold it against you one tiny bit.”
He still looked unsure, but now some older students were pushing behind him, telling him to move.
He gave me a quick smile and patted my shoulder, like he might do to a younger boy, and pushed his way into the flow. Then, as I began to climb, I heard him shout from below: “See you, Kath!”
I’d found the whole thing mildly embarrassing, but it didn’t lead to any teasing or gossip; and I must admit, if it hadn’t been for that encounter on the stairs, I probably wouldn’t have taken the interest I did in Tommy’s problems over the next several weeks.
I saw a few of the incidents myself. But mostly I heard about them, and when I did, I quizzed people until I’d got a more or less full account. There were more temper tantrums, like the time Tommy was supposed to have heaved over two desks in Room 14, spilling all the contents on the floor, while the rest of the class, having escaped onto the landing, barricaded the door to stop him coming out. There was the time Mr. Christopher had had to pin back his arms to stop him attacking Reggie D. during football practice. Everyone could see, too, when the Senior 2 boys went on their fields run, Tommy was the only one without a running partner. He was a good runner, and would quickly open up ten, fifteen yards between him and the rest, maybe thinking this would disguise the fact that no one wanted to run with him. Then there were rumours almost every day of pranks that had been played on him. A lot of these were the usual stuff—weird things in his bed, a worm in his cereal
—but some of it sounded pointlessly nasty: like the time someone cleaned a toilet with his toothbrush so it was waiting for him with shit all over the bristles. His size and strength—and I suppose that temper—meant no one tried actual physical bullying, but from what I remember, for a couple of months at least, these incidents kept coming. I thought sooner or later someone would start saying it had gone too far, but it just kept on, and no one said anything.
I tried to bring it up once myself, in the dorm after lights-out. In the Seniors, we were down to six per dorm, so it was just our little group, and we often had our most intimate conversations lying in the dark before we fell asleep. You could talk about things there you wouldn’t dream of talking about any other place, not even in the pavilion. So one night I brought up Tommy. I didn’t say much; I just summed up what had been happening to him and said it wasn’t really very fair. When I’d finished, there was a funny sort of silence hanging in the dark, and I realised everyone was waiting for Ruth’s response—which was usually what happened whenever something a bit awkward came up. I kept waiting, then I heard a sigh from Ruth’s side of the room, and she said:
“You’ve got a point, Kathy. It’s not nice. But if he wants it to stop, he’s got to change his own attitude. He didn’t have a thing for the Spring Exchange. And has he got anything for next month? I bet he hasn’t.”
I should explain a bit here about the Exchanges we had at Hailsham. Four times a year—spring, summer, autumn, winter—we had a kind of big exhibition-cum-sale of all the things we’d been creating in the three months since the last Exchange. Paintings, drawings, pottery; all sorts of
“sculptures” made from whatever was the craze of the day—bashed-up cans, maybe, or bottle tops stuck onto cardboard. For each thing you put in, you were paid in Exchange Tokens—the guardians decided how many your particular masterpiece merited—and then on the day of the Exchange you went along with your tokens and “bought” the stuff you liked. The rule was you could only buy work done by students in your own year, but that still gave us plenty to choose from, since most of us could get pretty prolific over a three-month period.
Looking back now, I can see why the Exchanges became so important to us. For a start, they were our only means, aside from the Sales—the Sales were something else, which I’ll come to later—of building up a collection of personal possessions. If, say, you wanted to decorate the walls around your bed, or wanted something to carry around in your bag and place on your desk from room to room, then you could find it at the Exchange. I can see now, too, how the Exchanges had a more subtle effect on us all. If you think about it, being dependent on each other to produce the stuff that might become your private treasures—that’s bound to do things to your relationships. The Tommy business was typical. A lot of the time, how you were regarded at Hailsham, how much you were liked and respected, had to do with how good you were at “creating.”
Ruth and I often found ourselves remembering these things a few years ago, when I was caring for her down at the recovery centre in Dover.
“It’s all part of what made Hailsham so special,” she said once. “The way we were encouraged to value each other’s work.”
“True,” I said. “But sometimes, when I think about the Ex-changes now, a lot of it seems a bit odd.
The poetry, for instance. I remember we were allowed to hand in poems, instead of a drawing or a painting. And the strange thing was, we all thought that was fine, we thought that made sense.”
“Why shouldn’t it? Poetry’s important.”
“But we’re talking about nine-year-old stuff, funny little lines, all misspelt, in exercise books.
We’d spend our precious tokens on an exercise book full of that stuff rather than on something really nice for around our beds. If we were so keen on a person’s poetry, why didn’t we just borrow it and copy it down ourselves any old afternoon? But you remember how it was. An Exchange would come along and we’d be standing there torn between Susie K.’s poems and those giraffes Jackie used to make.”
“Jackie’s giraffes,” Ruth said with a laugh. “They were so beautiful. I used to have one.”
We were having this conversation on a fine summer evening, sitting out on the little balcony of her recovery room. It was a few months after her first donation, and now she was over the worst of it, I’d always time my evening visits so that we’d be able to spend a half hour or so out there, watching the sun go down over the rooftops. You could see lots of aerials and satellite dishes, and sometimes, right over in the distance, a glistening line that was the sea. I’d bring mineral water and biscuits, and we’d sit there talking about anything that came into our heads. The centre Ruth was in that time, it’s one of my favourites, and I wouldn’t mind at all if that’s where I ended up. The recovery rooms are small, but they’re well-designed and comfortable. Everything—the walls, the floor—has been done in gleaming white tiles, which the centre keeps so clean when you first go in it’s almost like entering a hall of mirrors. Of course, you don’t exactly see yourself reflected back loads of times, but you almost think you do. When you lift an arm, or when someone sits up in bed, you can feel this pale, shadowy movement all around you in the tiles. Anyway, Ruth’s room at that centre, it also had these big glass sliding panels, so she could easily see the outside from her bed. Even with her head on the pillow she’d see a big lot of sky, and if it was warm enough, she could get all the fresh air she wanted by stepping out onto the balcony. I loved visiting her there, loved those meandering talks we had, through the summer to the early autumn, sitting on that balcony together, talking about Hailsham, the Cottages, whatever else drifted into our thoughts.
“What I’m saying,” I went on, “is that when we were that age, when we were eleven, say, we really weren’t interested in each other’s poems at all. But remember, someone like Christy? Christy had this great reputation for poetry, and we all looked up to her for it. Even you, Ruth, you didn’t dare boss Christy around. All because we thought she was great at poetry. But we didn’t know a thing about poetry. We didn’t care about it. It’s strange.”
But Ruth didn’t get my point—or maybe she was deliberately avoiding it. Maybe she was determined to remember us all as more sophisticated than we were. Or maybe she could sense where my talk was leading, and didn’t want us to go that way. Anyway, she let out a long sigh and said:
“We all thought Christy’s poems were so good. But I wonder how they’d look to us now. I wish we had some here, I’d love to see what we’d think.” Then she laughed and said: “I have still got some poems by Peter B. But that was much later, when we were in Senior 4. I must have fancied him. I can’t think why else I’d have bought his poems. They’re just hysterically daft. Takes himself so seriously. But Christy, she was good, I remember she was. It’s funny, she went right off poems when she started her painting. And she was nowhere near as good at that.”
But let me get back to Tommy. What Ruth said that time in our dorm after lights-out, about how Tommy had brought all his problems on himself, probably summed up what most people at Hailsham thought at that time. But it was when she said what she did that it occurred to me, as I lay there, that this whole notion of his deliberately not trying was one that had been doing the rounds from as far back as the Juniors. And it came home to me, with a kind of chill, that Tommy had been going through what he’d been going through not just for weeks or months, but for years.
Tommy and I talked about all this not so long ago, and his own account of how his troubles began confirmed what I was thinking that night. According to him, it had all started one afternoon in one of
Miss Geraldine’s art classes. Until that day, Tommy told me, he’d always quite enjoyed painting. But then that day in Miss Geraldine’s class, Tommy had done this particular watercolour—of an elephant standing in some tall grass—and that was what started it all off. He’d done it, he claimed, as a kind of joke. I quizzed him a lot on this point and I suspect the truth was that it was like a lot of things at that age: you don’t have any clear reason, you just do it. You do it because you think it might get a laugh, or because you want to see if it’ll cause a stir. And when you’re asked to explain it afterwards, it doesn’t seem to make any sense. We’ve all done things like that. Tommy didn’t quite put it this way, but I’m sure that’s how it happened.
Anyway, he did his elephant, which was exactly the sort of picture a kid three years younger might have done. It took him no more than twenty minutes and it got a laugh, sure enough, though not quite the sort he’d expected. Even so, it might not have led to anything—and this is a big irony, I suppose—
if Miss Geraldine hadn’t been taking the class that day.
Miss Geraldine was everyone’s favourite guardian when we were that age. She was gentle, soft-spoken, and always comforted you when you needed it, even when you’d done something bad, or been told off by another guardian. If she ever had to tell you off herself, then for days afterwards she’d give you lots of extra attention, like she owed you something. It was unlucky for Tommy that it was Miss Geraldine taking art that day and not, say, Mr. Robert or Miss Emily herself—the head guardian—
who often took art. Had it been either of those two, Tommy would have got a bit of a telling off, he could have done his smirk, and the worst the others would have thought was that it was a feeble joke.
He might even have had some students think him a right clown. But Miss Geraldine being Miss Geraldine, it didn’t go that way. Instead, she did her best to look at the picture with kindness and understanding. And probably guessing Tommy was in danger of getting stick from the others, she went too far the other way, actually finding things to praise, pointing them out to the class. That was how the resentment started.
“After we left the room,” Tommy remembered, “that’s when I first heard them talking. And they didn’t care I could hear.”
My guess is that from some time before he did that elephant, Tommy had had the feeling he wasn’t keeping up—that his painting in particular was like that of students much younger than him—and he’d been covering up the best he could by doing deliberately childish pictures. But after the elephant painting, the whole thing had been brought into the open, and now everyone was watching to see what he did next. It seems he did make an effort for a while, but he’d no sooner have started on something, there’d be sneers and giggles all around him. In fact, the harder he tried, the more laughable his efforts turned out. So before long Tommy had gone back to his original defence, producing work that seemed deliberately childish, work that said he couldn’t care less. From there, the thing had got deeper and deeper.
For a while he’d only had to suffer during art lessons—though that was often enough, because we did a lot of art in the Juniors. But then it grew bigger. He got left out of games, boys refused to sit next to him at dinner, or pretended not to hear if he said anything in his dorm after lights-out. At first it wasn’t so relentless. Months could go by without incident, he’d think the whole thing was behind him,
then something he did—or one of his enemies, like Arthur H.—would get it all going again.
I’m not sure when the big temper tantrums started. My own memory of it is that Tommy was always known for his temper, even in the Infants, but he claimed to me they only began after the teasing got bad. Anyway, it was those temper tantrums that really got people going, escalating everything, and around the time I’m talking about—the summer of our Senior 2, when we were thirteen—that was when the persecution reached its peak.
Then it all stopped, not overnight, but rapidly enough. I was, as I say, watching the situation closely around then, so I saw the signs before most of the others. It started with a period—it might have been a month, maybe longer—when the pranks went on pretty steadily, but Tommy failed to lose his temper.
Sometimes I could see he was close to it, but he somehow controlled himself; other times, he’d quietly shrug, or react like he hadn’t noticed a thing. At first these responses caused disappointment; maybe people were resentful, even, like he’d let them down. Then gradually, people got bored and the pranks became more half-hearted, until one day it struck me there hadn’t been any for over a week.
This wouldn’t necessarily have been so significant by itself, but I’d spotted other changes. Little things, like Alexander J. and Peter N. walking across the courtyard with him towards the fields, the three of them chatting quite naturally; a subtle but clear difference in people’s voices when his name got mentioned. Then once, towards the end of an afternoon break, a group of us were sitting on the grass quite close to the South Playing Field where the boys, as usual, were playing their football. I was joining in our conversation, but keeping an eye on Tommy, who I noticed was right at the heart of the game. At one point he got tripped, and picking himself up, placed the ball on the ground to take the free kick himself. As the boys spread out in anticipation, I saw Arthur H.—one of his biggest tormentors—a few yards behind Tommy’s back, begin mimicking him, doing a daft version of the way Tommy was standing over the ball, hands on hips. I watched carefully, but none of the others took up Arthur’s cue. They must all have seen, because all eyes were looking towards Tommy, waiting for his kick, and Arthur was right behind him—but no one was interested. Tommy floated the ball across the grass, the game went on, and Arthur H. didn’t try anything else.
I was pleased about all these developments, but also mystified. There’d been no real change in Tommy’s work—his reputation for “creativity” was as low as ever. I could see that an end to the tantrums was a big help, but what seemed to be the key factor was harder to put your finger on. There was something about Tommy himself—the way he carried himself, the way he looked people in the face and talked in his open, good-natured way—that was different from before, and which had in turn changed the attitudes of those around him. But what had brought all this on wasn’t clear.
I was mystified, and decided to probe him a bit the next time we could talk in private. The chance came along before long, when I was lining up for lunch and spotted him a few places ahead in the queue.
I suppose this might sound odd, but at Hailsham, the lunch queue was one of the better places to have a private talk. It was something to do with the acoustics in the Great Hall; all the hubbub and the high ceilings meant that so long as you lowered your voices, stood quite close, and made sure your
neighbours were deep in their own chat, you had a fair chance of not being overheard. In any case, we weren’t exactly spoilt for choice. “Quiet” places were often the worst, because there was always someone likely to be passing within earshot. And as soon as you looked like you were trying to sneak off for a secret talk, the whole place seemed to sense it within minutes, and you’d have no chance.
So when I saw Tommy a few places ahead of me, I waved him over—the rule being that though you couldn’t jump the queue going forwards it was fine to go back. He came over with a delighted smile, and we stood together for a moment without saying much—not out of awkwardness, but because we were waiting for any interest aroused by Tommy’s moving back to fade. Then I said to him:
“You seem much happier these days, Tommy. Things seem to be going much better for you.”
“You notice everything, don’t you, Kath?” He said this completely without sarcasm. “Yeah, everything’s all right. I’m getting on all right.”
“So what’s happened? Did you find God or something?”
“God?” Tommy was lost for a second. Then he laughed and said: “Oh, I see. You’re talking about me not . . . getting so angry.”
“Not just that, Tommy. You’ve turned things around for yourself. I’ve been watching. So that’s why I was asking.”
Tommy shrugged. “I’ve grown up a bit, I suppose. And maybe everyone else has too. Can’t keep on with the same stuff all the time. Gets boring.”
I said nothing, but just kept looking right at him, until he gave another little laugh and said: “Kath, you’re so nosy. Okay, I suppose there is something. Something that happened. If you want, I’ll tell you.”
“Well, go on then.”
“I’ll tell you, Kath, but you mustn’t spread it, all right? A couple of months back, I had this talk with Miss Lucy. And I felt much better afterwards. It’s hard to explain. But she said something, and it all felt much better.”
“So what did she say?”
“Well . . . The thing is, it might sound strange. It did to me at first. What she said was that if I didn’t want to be creative, if I really didn’t feel like it, that was perfectly all right. Nothing wrong with it, she said.”
“That’s what she told you?”
Tommy nodded, but I was already turning away.
“That’s just rubbish, Tommy. If you’re going to play stupid games, I can’t be bothered.”
I was genuinely angry, because I thought he was lying to me, just when I deserved to be taken into his confidence. Spotting a girl I knew a few places back, I went over to her, leaving Tommy standing.
I could see he was bewildered and crestfallen, but after the months I’d spent worrying about him, I felt betrayed, and didn’t care how he felt. I chatted with my friend—I think it was Matilda—as cheerfully as possible, and hardly looked his way for the rest of the time we were in the queue.
But as I was carrying my plate to the tables, Tommy came up behind me and said quickly:
“Kath, I wasn’t trying to pull your leg, if that’s what you think. It’s what happened. I’ll tell you about it if you give me half a chance.”
“Don’t talk rubbish, Tommy.”
“Kath, I’ll tell you about it. I’ll be down at the pond after lunch. If you come down there, I’ll tell you.”
I gave him a reproachful look and walked off without responding, but already, I suppose, I’d begun to entertain the possibility that he wasn’t, after all, making it up about Miss Lucy. And by the time I sat down with my friends, I was trying to figure out how I could sneak off afterwards down to the pond without getting everyone curious.
O Jesus, now I wish to pray the Lord's Prayer seven times in unity with the love with which You sanctified this prayer in Your Heart. Take it from my lips into Your Divine Heart. Improve and complete it so much that it brings as much honor and joy to the Trinity as You granted it on earth with this prayer. May these pour upon Your Holy Humanity in Glorification to Your Painful Wounds and the Precious Blood that You spilled from them.
First Prayer: The Circumcision Eternal Father, through Mary's unblemished hands and the Divine Heart of Jesus, I offer You the first wounds, the first pains, and the first Bloodshed as atonement for my and all of humanity's sins of youth, as protection against the first mortal sin, especially among my relatives. Amen
Second Prayer: The Suffering on the Mount of Olives Eternal Father, through Mary's unblemished hands and the Divine Heart of Jesus, I offer You the terrifying suffering of Jesus' Heart on the Mount of Olives and every drop of His Bloody Sweat as atonement for my and all of humanity's sins of the heart, as protection against such sins and for the spreading of Divine and brotherly Love. Amen
Third Prayer: The Flogging Eternal Father, through Mary's unblemished hands and the Divine Heart of Jesus, I offer You the many thousands of Wounds, the gruesome Pains, and the Precious Blood of the Flogging as atonement for my and all of humanity's sins of the Flesh, as protection against such sins and the preservation of innocence, especially among my relatives. Amen
Fourth Prayer: The Crowning of Thorns Eternal Father, through Mary's unblemished hands and the Divine Heart of Jesus, I offer You the Wounds, the Pains, and the Precious Blood of Jesus' Holy Head from the Crowning with Thorns as atonement for my and all of humanity's sins of the Spirit, as protection against such sins and the spreading of Christ's kingdom here on earth. Amen
Fifth Prayer: The Carrying of the Cross Eternal Father, through Mary's unblemished hands and the Divine Heart of Jesus, I offer You the Sufferings on the way of the Cross, especially His Holy Wound on His Shoulder and its Precious Blood as atonement for my and all of humanity's rebellion against the Cross, every grumbling against Your Holy Arrangements and all other sins of the tongue, as protection against such sins and for true love of the Cross. Amen
Sixth Prayer: The Crucifixion Eternal Father, through Mary's unblemished hands and the Divine Heart of Jesus, I offer You Your Son on the Cross, His Nailing and Raising, His Wounds on the Hands and Feet and the three streams of His Precious Blood that poured forth from these for us, His extreme tortures of the Body and Soul, His precious Death and its non bleeding Renewal in all Holy Masses on earth as atonement for all wounds against vows and regulations within the Orders, as reparation for my and all of the world's sins, for the sick and the dying, for all holy priests and laymen, for the Holy Father's intentions toward the restoration of Christian families, for the strengthening of Faith, for our country and unity among all nations in Christ and His Church, as well as for the Diaspora. Amen
Seventh Prayer: The Piercing of Jesus' Side Eternal Father, accept as worthy, for the needs of the Holy Church and as atonement for the sins of all Mankind, the Precious Blood and Water which poured forth from the Wound of Jesus' Divine Heart. Be gracious and merciful toward us. Blood of Christ, the last precious content of His Holy Heart, wash me of all my and others' guilt of sin! Water from the Side of Christ, wash me clean of all punishments for sin and extinguish the flames of Purgatory for me and for all the Poor Souls. Amen
O God, come to my assistance; O Lord, make haste to help me. Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit. As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.
1. The Prophecy of Simeon I grieve for you, O Mary, most sorrowful, in the affliction of your tender heart at the prophecy of the holy and aged Simeon. Dear Mother, by your heart so afflicted, obtain for me the virtue of humility and the gift of the holy fear of God.
2. The Flight into Egypt I grieve for you, O Mary most sorrowful, in the anguish of your most affectionate heart during the flight into Egypt and your sojourn there. Dear Mother, by your heart so troubled, obtain for me the virtue of generosity, especially toward the poor, and the gift of piety.
3. The Loss of Jesus for Three Days I grieve for you, O Mary most sorrowful, in those anxieties which tried your troubled heart at the loss of your dear Jesus. Dear Mother, by your heart so full of anguish, obtain for me the virtue of chastity and the gift of knowledge.
4. The Carrying of the Cross I grieve for you, O Mary most sorrowful, in the consternation of your heart at meeting Jesus as He carried His cross. Dear Mother, by your heart so troubled, obtain for me the virtue of patience and the gift of fortitude.
5. The Crucifixion of Jesus I grieve for you, O Mary most sorrowful, in the martyrdom which your generous heart endured in standing near Jesus in His agony. Dear Mother, by your afflicted heart, obtain for me the virtue of temperance and the gift of counsel.
6. Jesus Taken Down from the Cross I grieve for you, O Mary most sorrowful, in the wounding of your compassionate heart, when the side of Jesus was struck by the lance before His Body was removed from the cross. Dear Mother, by your heart thus transfixed, obtain for me the virtue of fraternal charity and the gift of understanding.
7. Jesus Laid in the Tomb I grieve for you, O Mary most sorrowful, for the pangs that wrenched your most loving heart at the burial of Jesus. Dear Mother, by your heart sunk in the bitterness of desolation, obtain for me the virtue of diligence and the gift of wisdom.
Let Us Pray: Let intercession be made for us, we beseech You, O Lord Jesus Christ, now and at the Hour of our death, before the throne of Your mercy, by the Blessed Virgin Mary, Your Mother, whose most holy soul was pierced by a sword of sorrow in the hour of Your bitter Passion. Through You, O Jesus Christ, Savior of the world, Who with the Father and the Holy Spirit lives and reigns world without end. Amen.
First Sorrow and Joy O most pure Spouse of Mary, glorious St. Joseph, as the affliction and anguish of thy heart was exceedingly great in thy perplexity, whether thou shouldst abandon thy most unspotted Spouse, so was the joy unspeakable when, by an Angel, the sublime Mystery of the Incarnation was revealed to thee. By this sorrow and joy, we beseech thee that now, and in our last agony, thou mayest comfort our souls by the joy of a good life and a holy death, like thine in the society of Jesus and Mary.
Second Sorrow and Joy O most happy Patriarch, glorious saint Joseph, who wast to fulfill the duty of foster father to the Incarnate Word, thy sorrow in beholding the poverty of the Child Jesus in His birth, was changed immediately into heavenly delight, by hearing the angelic harmony, and by beholding the glory of that most resplendent night. By this thy sorrow and joy, we beseech Thee, that, after the passage of this life, we may in the next hear the angelic praises and enjoy the brightness of eternal glory.
Third Sorrow and Joy O most excellent observer of the divine law, glorious St. Joseph, the most precious Blood which the Divine Infant, our Redeemer, shed in His circumcision, afflicted thy heart: but the Sacred Name of Jesus revived it and replenished it with gladness. By this thy sorrow and joy, obtain for us, that during our life we may be free from every vice, and may in death joyfully breathe forth our soul with the Most Holy Name of Jesus in our hearts and on our lips.
Fourth Sorrow and Joy O most faithful Saint, who wast admitted to a participation in the Mystery of our Redemption, glorious St. Joseph, if the prophecy of Simeon, concerning what Jesus and Mary were to suffer, gave thee mortal affliction, thou wast likewise filled with holy joy for the salvation and glorious resurrection of innumerable souls, which he likewise foretold. By this thy sorrow and joy, obtain for us, that we may be among the number of those who, through the merits of Jesus and the intercession of His Virgin Mother, will arise to everlasting glory.
Fifth Sorrow and Joy O Most vigilant guardian and intimate friend of the Incarnate Son of God, glorious St. Joseph, how much didst thou suffer in providing for and serving the Son of the Most High, particularly in the flight thou wast obliged to make into Egypt! But how much also didst thou rejoice in having always with thee the same God, and seeing the Egyptian idols fall prostrate on the ground! By this thy sorrow and joy, obtain for us, that we may keep at a distance from the infernal tyrant, especially by flying from dangerous occasions, so that the idols of earthly affections may fall from our hearts, and that, being entirely devoted to the service of Jesus and Mary, we may live for them alone, and with them calmly die.
Sixth Sorrow and Joy O angel on earth, glorious St. Joseph, who didst behold, subject to thine orders the King of heaven: although thy joy in conducting Him back was disturbed by the fear of Archilaus, thou wast, nevertheless, comforted by an Angel, and didst dwell in safety with Jesus and Mary at Nazareth. By this thy sorrow and joy, obtain for us, that our hearts being released from hurtful fears, we may enjoy peace of conscience, and live in security with Jesus and Mary, and die in their embraces.
Seventh Sorrow and Joy O model of all sanctity, glorious saint Joseph, having lost the Divine Child without any fault of thine, thou didst seek Him in great sorrow for three days, until at length thou was filled with exceeding gladness on finding Him in the temple amidst the doctors. By this thy sorrow and joy, we beseech Thee, to intercede for us, that we may never lose Jesus by grievous sin, but that, should we have the misfortune to lose Him, we may seek for Him with unwearied sorrow until we have happily found Him: and particularly that we may find Him at the hour of our death, in order to enjoy Him in heaven, and there with thee to sing eternally His divine mercies. Anthem. - Jesus Himself was beginning His public life about the age of thirty years, being, as it was supposed, the Son of Joseph.
Pray for us, O saint Joseph. That we may be made worthy of the promises of Christ. Let us Pray. - O God, Who,by Thy wonderful Providence didst vouchsafe to choose St. Joseph to be the spouse of Thy Most Holy Mother; grant, we beseech Thee, that he whom we generate as our protector on earth, may be our intercessor in heaven: Who livest and reignest, world without end. Amen.
Hello my name is John Doe I am wanting to schedule an appointment with Dr. Deku at the Caldwell location. I have been having issues with my medication Lisinopril that I take 4 times a day. I have been feeling nauseous, dizzy, and have had vomiting and diarrhea. When would be the soonest available appointment with my doctor. That time does not work do you have any other times available. That date is too far out is there any way to see a provider sooner I am ok with seeing someone else.
