ape /ape/ v. imitate or mimic. He was suspended for a week because he had aped the principal in front of the whole school.
apex /ay-peks/ n. summit; climax. He was at the apex of his career: he had climbed to the top of the heap.
aphorism /a-fr-i-zm/ n. a concise statement of a scientific principle. An aphorism differs from an adage in that it is more philosophical or scientific. "The proper study of mankind is man" is an aphorism. "There's no smoke without a fire" is an adage.
aplomb /uh-plaam/ n. poise; assurance. Gwen's aplomb in handling potentially embarrassing moments was legendary around the office; when one of her clients broke a piece of her best crystal, she coolly picked up her own golet and hurled it into the fireplace.
apocryphal /uh-paa-kruh-ful/ adj. untrue; made up. To impress his friends, Tom invented apocryphal tales of his adventures in the big city.
apolitical /ay-puh-li-ti-kl/ adj. having an aversion or lack of concern for political affairs. It was hard to remain apolitical during the Vietnam War; even people who generally ignored public issues felt they had to take political stands.
apostate /uh-paa-stayt/ n. one who abandons his religious faith or political beliefs. Because he switched from one part to another, his former friends shunned him as an apostate.
appall /uh-paal/ v. dismay; shock. We were appalled by the horrifying conditions of the city's jails.
apparition /a-puh-ri-shn/ n. ghost; phantom. On the castle battlements, an apparition materialized and spoke to Hamlet, warning him of his uncle's treachery.
appellation /a-puh-lay-shn/ n. name; title. Macbeth was startled when the witches greeted him with an incorrect appellation.
Principle #1: Writing is not the outcome of thinking; it is the medium in which thinking takes place
Writing doesn’t begin when we sit down to put one paragraph after another on the screen or page. It begins much, much earlier, as we take notes on the articles or books we read, the podcasts or audiobooks we listen to, and the interesting conversations and life experiences we have.
These notes build up as a byproduct of the reading we’re already doing anyway. Even if you don’t aim to develop a grand theory, you need a way to organize your thoughts and keep track of the information you consume.
If you want to learn and remember something long-term, you have to write it down. If you want to understand an idea, you have to translate it into your own words. If we have to do this writing anyway, why not use it to build up resources for future publications?
Writing is not only for proclaiming fully formed opinions, but for developing opinions worth sharing in the first place.
Writing works well in improving one’s thinking because it forces you to engage with what you’re reading on a deeper level. Just because you read more doesn’t automatically mean you have more or better ideas. It’s Iike learning to swim – you have to learn by doing it, not by merely reading about it.
The challenge of writing as well as learning is therefore not so much to learn, but to understand, as you will already have learned what you understand. When you truly understand something, it is anchored to a latticework of related ideas and meanings, which makes it far easier to remember.
For example, you could memorize the fact that arteries are red and veins are blue. But it is only when you understand why – that arteries carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body, while veins carry blood low in oxygen back to the heart – that that fact has any value. And once we make this meaningful connection between ideas, it’s hard not to remember it.
The problem is that the meaning of something is not always obvious. It requires elaboration – we need to copy, translate, re-write, compare, contrast, and describe a new idea in our own terms. We have to view the idea from multiple perspectives and answer questions such as “How does this fact fit with others I already know?” and “How can this phenomenon be explained by that theory?” or “How does this argument compare to that one?”
Completing these tasks is exceedingly difficult inside the confines of our heads. We need an external medium in which to perform this elaboration, and writing is the most effective and convenient one ever invented.
Principle #2: Do your work as if writing is the only thing that matters
The second principle extends the previous one even further: Do you work as if writing is the only thing that matters.
In academia and science, virtually all research is aimed at eventual publication Ahrens notes that “there is no such thing as private knowledge in academia. An idea kept private is as good as one you never had.”
The purpose of research is to produce public knowledge that can be scrutinized and tested. For that to happen, it has to be written down. And once it is, what the author meant doesn’t matter – only the actual words written on the page matter.
This principle requires us to expand our definition of “publication” beyond the usual narrow sense. Few people will ever publish their work in an academic journal or even on a blog. But everything that we write down and share with someone else counts: notes we share with a friend, homework we submit to a professor, emails we write to our colleagues, and presentations we deliver to clients all count as knowledge made public.
This might still seem like a radical principle. Should we publicize even the ideas we’ve only just encountered, or opinions half-formed, or wild theories we can’t substantiate? Do we really need even more people broadcasting half-baked opinions and theories online?
But the important part is the principle: Work as if writing is the only thing that matters. Having a clear, tangible purpose when you consume information completely changes the way you engage with it. You’ll be more focused, more curious, more rigorous, and more demanding. You won’t waste time writing down every detail, trying to make a perfect record of everything that was said. Instead, you’ll try to learn the basics as efficiently as possible so you can get to the point where open questions arise, as these are the only questions worth writing about.
Almost every aspect of your life will change when you live as if you are working toward publication. You’ll read differently, becoming more focused on the parts most relevant to the argument you’re building. You’ll ask sharper questions, no longer satisfied with vague explanations or leaps in logic. You’ll naturally seek venues to present your work, since the feedback you receive will propel your thinking forward like nothing else. You’ll begin to act more deliberately, thinking several steps beyond what you’re reading to consider its implications and potential.
Deliberate practice is the best way to get better at anything, and in this case, you are deliberately practicing the most fundamental skill of all: thinking. Even if you never actually publish one line of writing, you will vastly improve every aspect of your thinking when you do everything as if nothing counts except writing.
Principle #3: Nobody ever starts from scratch
One of the most damaging myths about creativity is that it starts from nothing. The blank page, the white canvas, the empty dance floor: Our most romantic and universal artistic motifs seem to suggest that “starting from scratch” is the essence of creativity.
This belief is reinforced by how writing is typically taught: We are told to “pick a topic” as a necessary first step, then to conduct research, discuss and analyze it, and finally come to a conclusion.
But how can you decide on an interesting topic before you’ve read about it? You have to immerse yourself in research before you even know how to formulate a good question. And the decision to read about one subject versus another also doesn’t appear out of thin air. It usually comes from an existing interest or understanding. The truth is every intellectual endeavor starts with a preceding conception.
This is the tension at the heart of the creative process: You have to research before you pick what you will write about. Ideally, you should start researching long before, so you have weeks and months and even years of rich material to work with as soon as you decide on a topic. This is why an external system to record your research is so critical. It doesn’t just enhance your writing process; it makes it possible.
And all this pre-research also involves writing. We build up an ever-growing pool of externalized thoughts as we read. When the time comes to produce, we aren’t following a blindly invented plan plucked from our unreliable brains. We look in our notes and follow our interests, curiosity, and intuition, which are informed by the actual work of reading, thinking, discussing, and taking notes. We never again have to face that blank screen with the impossible demand of “thinking of something to write about.”
No one ever really starts from scratch. Anything they come up with has to come from prior experience, research, or other understanding. But because they haven’t acted on this fact, they can’t track ideas back to their origins. They have neither supporting material nor accurate sources. Since they haven’t been taking notes from the start, they either have to start with something completely new (which is risky) or retrace their steps (which is boring).
It’s no wonder that nearly every guide to writing begins with “brainstorming.” If you don’t have notes, you have no other option. But this is a bit like a financial advisor telling a 65-year-old to start saving for retirement – too little, too late.
Taking notes allows you to break free from the traditional, linear path of writing. It allows you to systematically extract information from linear sources, mix and shake them up together until new patterns emerge, and then turn them back into linear texts for others to consume.
You’ll know you’ve succeeded in making this shift when the problem of not having enough to write about is replaced by the problem of having far too much to write about. When you finally arrive at the decision of what to write about, you’ll already have made that decision again and again at every single step along the way.
Principle #4: Our tools and techniques are only as valuable as the workflow
Just because writing is not a linear process doesn’t mean we should go about it haphazardly. We need a workflow – a repeatable process for collecting, organizing, and sharing ideas.
Writing is often taught as a collection of “tips and tricks” – brainstorm ideas, make an outline, use a three-paragraph structure, repeat the main points, use vivid examples, set a timer. Each one in isolation might make sense, but without the holistic perspective of how they fit together, they add more work than they save. Every additional technique becomes its own project without bringing the whole much further forward. Before long, the whole mess of techniques falls apart under its own weight.
It is only when all the work becomes part of an integrated process that it becomes more than the sum of its parts. Even the best techniques won’t make a difference if they are used in conflicting ways. This is why the slip-box isn’t yet another technique. It is the system in which all the techniques are linked together.
Good systems don’t add options and features; they strip away complexity and distractions from the main work, which is thinking. An undistracted brain and a reliable collection of notes is pretty much all we need. Everything else is just clutter.
Principle #5: Standardization enables creativity
Ahrens uses the excellent analogy of how the invention of shipping containers revolutionized international trade to demonstrate the role of note-taking in modern writing
Container shipping is a simple idea: ship products in standardized containers instead of loading them onto ships haphazardly as had always been done. But it took multiple failed attempts before it was successful, because it wasn’t actually about the container, which after all is just a box.
The potential of the shipping container was only unleashed when every other part of the shipping supply chain was changed to accommodate it. From manufacturing to packaging to final delivery, the design of ships, cranes, trucks, and harbors all had to align around moving containers as quickly and efficiently as possible. Once they did, international shipping exploded, setting the stage for Asia to become an economic power among many other historic changes.
Many people still take notes, if at all, in an ad-hoc, random way. If they see a nice sentence, they underline it. If they want to make a comment, they write it in the margins. If they have a good idea, they write it in whichever notebook is close at hand. And if an article seems important enough, they might make the effort to save an excerpt. This leaves them with many different kinds of notes in many different places and formats. This means when it comes time to write, they first have to undertake a massive project to collect and organize all these scattered notes.
Notes are like shipping containers for ideas. Instead of inventing a new way to take notes for every source you read, use a completely standardized and predictable format every time. It doesn’t matter what the notes contain, which topic they relate to, or what medium they arrived through – you treat each and every note exactly the same way.
It is this standardization of notes that enables a critical mass to build up in one place. Without a standard format, the larger the collection grows, the more time and energy have to be spent navigating the ever-growing inconsistencies between them. A common format removes unnecessary complexity and takes the second-guessing out of the process. Like LEGOs, standardized notes can easily be shuffled around and assembled into endless configurations without losing sight of what they contain.
The same principle applies to the steps of processing our notes. Consider that no single step in the process of turning raw ideas into finished pieces of writing is particularly difficult. It isn’t very hard to write down notes in the first place. Nor is turning a group of notes into an outline very demanding. It also isn’t much of a challenge to turn a working outline full of relevant arguments into a rough draft. And polishing a well-conceived rough draft into a final draft is trivial.
So if each individual step is so easy, why do we find the overall experience of writing so grueling? Because we try to do all the steps at once. Each of the activities that make up “writing” – reading, reflecting, having ideas, making connections, distinguishing terms, finding the right words, structuring, organizing, editing, correcting, and rewriting – require a very different kind of attention.
Proofreading requires very focused, detail-oriented attention, while choosing which words to put down in the first place might require a more open, free-floating attention. When looking for interesting connections between notes, we often need to be in a playful, curious state of mind, whereas when putting them in logical order, our state of mind probably needs to be more serious and precise.
The slip-box is the host of the process outlined above. It provides a place where distinct batches of work can be created, worked on, and saved permanently until the next time we are ready to deploy that particular kind of attention. It deliberately puts distance between ourselves and what we’ve written, which is essential for evaluating it objectively. It is far easier to switch between the role of creator and critic when there is a clear separation between them, and you don’t have to do both at the same time.
By standardizing and streamlining both the format of our notes and the steps by which we process them, the real work can come to the forefront: thinking, reflecting, writing, discussing, testing, and sharing. This is the work that adds value, and now we have the time to do it more effectively.
Principle #6: Our work only gets better when exposed to high-quality feedback
A workflow is similar to a chemical reaction: It can feed on itself, becoming a virtuous cycle where the positive experience of understanding a text motivates us to take on the next task, which helps us get better at what we’re doing, which in return makes it more likely for us to enjoy our work, and so on.
Nothing motivates us more than becoming better at what we do. And we can only become better when we intentionally expose our work to high-quality feedback.
There are many forms of feedback, both internal and external – from peers, from teachers, from social media, and from rereading our own writing. But notes are the only kind of feedback that is available anytime you need it. It is the only way to deliberately practice your thinking and communication skills multiple times per day.
It is easy to think we understand a concept until we try to put it in our own words. Each time we try, we practice the core skill of insight: distinguishing the bits that truly matter from those that don’t. The better we become at it, the more efficient and enjoyable our reading becomes.
Feedback also helps us adjust our expectations and predictions about how much we can get done in an hour or a day. Instead of sitting down to the amorphous task of “writing,” we dedicate each working session to concrete tasks that can be finished in a reasonable timeframe: Write three notes, review two paragraphs, check five sources for an essay, etc. At the end of the day, we know exactly how much we accomplished (or didn’t accomplish) and can adjust our future expectations accordingly.
Principle #7: Work on multiple, simultaneous projects
It is only when you have multiple, simultaneous projects and interests that the full potential of an external thinking system is realized.
Think of the last time you read a book. Perhaps you read it for a certain purpose – to gain some familiarity with a topic you’re interested in or find insights for a project you’re working on. What are the chances that the book contains only the precise insights you were looking for, and no others? Extremely low it would seem. We encounter a constant stream of new ideas, but only a tiny fraction of them will be useful and relevant to us at any given moment.
Since the only way to find out which insights a book contains is to read it, you might as well read and take notes productively. Spending a little extra time to record the best ideas you encounter – whether or not you know how they will ultimately be used – vastly increases the chances that you will “stumble upon” them in the future.
The ability to increase the chances of such future accidental encounters is a powerful one, because the best ideas are usually ones we haven’t anticipated. The most interesting topics are the ones we didn’t plan on learning about. But we can anticipate that fact and set our future selves up for a high probability of productive “accidents.”
Principle #8: Organize your notes by context, not by topic
Now that you’ve been collecting notes on your reading, how should you organize them?
The classic mistake is to organize them into ever more specific topics and subtopics. This makes it look less complex, but quickly becomes overwhelming. The more notes pile up, the smaller and narrower the subtopics become, limiting your ability to see meaningful connections between them. With this approach, the greater one’s collection of notes, the less accessible and useful they become.
Instead of organizing by topic and subtopic, it is much more effective to organize by context. Specifically, the context in which it will be used. The primary question when deciding where to put something becomes “In which context will I want to stumble upon this again?”
In other words, instead of filing things away according to where they came from, you file them according to where they’re going. This is the essential difference between organizing like a librarian and organizing like a writer.
A librarian asks “Where should I store this note?” Their goal is to maintain a taxonomy of knowledge that is accessible to everyone, which means they have to use only the most obvious categories. They might file notes on a psychology paper under “misjudgments,” “experimental psychology,” or “experiments.”
That works fine for a library, but not for a writer. No pile of notes filed uniformly under “psychology” will be easy to turn into a paper. There is no variation or disagreement from which an interesting argument could arise.
A writer asks “In which circumstances will I want to stumble upon this note?” They will file it under a paper they are writing, a conference they are speaking at, or an ongoing collaboration with a colleague. These are concrete, near-term deliverables and not abstract categories.
Organizing by context does take a little bit of thought. The answer isn’t always immediately obvious. A book about personal finance might interest me for completely different reasons if I am a politician working on a campaign speech, a financial advisor trying to help a client, or an economist developing monetary policy. If I encounter a novel engineering method, it may be useful for completely different reasons depending on whether I am working on an engineering textbook, a skyscraper, or a rocket booster.
Writers don’t think about a single, “correct” location for a piece of information. They deal in “scraps” which can often be repurposed and reused elsewhere. The discarded byproducts from one piece of writing may become the essential pillars of the next one. The slip-box is a thinking tool, not an encyclopedia, so completeness is not important. The only gaps we do need to be concerned about are the gaps in the final manuscript we are working toward.
By saving all the byproducts of our writing, we collect all the future material we might need in one place. This approach sets up your future self with everything they need to work as decisively and efficiently as possible. They won’t need to trawl through folder after folder looking for all the sources they need. You’ll already have done that work for them.
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• How to get started with a notetaking system and what pitfalls to avoid
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Principle #9: Always follow the most interesting path
Ahrens notes that in most cases, students fail not because of a lack of ability, but because they lose a personal connection to what they are learning:
“When even highly intelligent students fail in their studies, it’s most often because they cease to see the meaning in what they were supposed to learn (cf. Balduf 2009), are unable to make a connection to their personal goals (Glynn et al. 2009) or lack the ability to control their own studies autonomously and on their own terms (Reeve and Jan 2006; Reeve 2009).”
This is why we must spend as much time as possible working on things we find interesting. It is not an indulgence. It is an essential part of making our work sustainable and thus successful.
This advice runs counter to the typical approach to planning we are taught. We are told to “make a plan” upfront and in detail. Success is then measured by how closely we stick to this plan. Our changing interests and motivations are to be ignored or suppressed if they interfere with the plan.
The history of science is full of stories of accidental discoveries. Ahrens gives the example of the team that discovered the structure of DNA. It started with a grant, but not a grant to study DNA. They were awarded funds to find a treatment for cancer. As they worked, the team followed their intuition and interest, developing the actual research program along the way (Rheinberger 1997). If they had stuck religiously to their original plan, they probably wouldn’t have discovered a cure for cancer and certainly wouldn’t have discovered the structure of DNA.
Plans are meant to help us feel in control. But it is much more important to actually be in control, which means being able to steer our work towards what we consider interesting and relevant. According to a 2006 study by psychology professor Arlen Moller, “When people experienced a sense of autonomy with regard to the choice [of what to work on], their energy for subsequent tasks was not diminished” (Moller 2006, 1034). In other words, when we have a choice about what to work on and when, it doesn’t take as much willpower to do it.
Our sense of motivation depends on making consistent forward progress. But in creative work, questions change and new directions emerge. That is the nature of insight. So we don’t want to work according to a rigid workflow that is threatened by the unexpected. We need to be able to make small, constant adjustments to keep our interest, motivation, and work aligned.
By breaking down the work of writing into discrete steps, getting quick feedback on each one, and always following the path that promises the most insight, unexpected insights can become the driving force of our work.
Luhmann never forced himself to do anything and only did what came easily to him: “When I am stuck for one moment, I leave it and do something else.” As in martial arts, if you encounter resistance or an opposing force, you should not push against it but instead redirect it towards another productive goal.
Principle #10: Save contradictory ideas
Working with a slip-box naturally leads us to save ideas that are contradictory or paradoxical.
It’s much easier to develop an argument from a lively discussion of pros and cons rather than a litany of one-sided arguments and perfectly fitting quotes.
Our only criterion for what to save is whether it connects to existing ideas and adds to the discussion. When we focus on open connections, disconfirming or contradictory data suddenly becomes very valuable. It often raises new questions and opens new paths of inquiry. The experience of having one piece of data completely change your perspective can be exhilarating.
The real enemy of independent thinking is not any external authority, but our own inertia. We need to find ways to counteract confirmation bias – our tendency to take into account only information that confirms what we already believe. We need to regularly confront our errors, mistakes, and misunderstandings.
By taking notes on a wide variety of sources and in objective formats that exist outside our heads, we practice the skill of seeing what is really there and describing it plainfully and factually. By saving ideas that aren’t compatible with each other and don’t necessarily support what we already think, we train ourselves to develop subtle theories over time instead of immediately jumping to conclusions.
By playing with a concept, stretching and reconceiving and remixing it, we become less attached to how it was originally presented. We can extract certain aspects or details for our own uses. With so many ideas at our disposal, we are no longer threatened by the possibility that a new idea will undermine existing ones.
Don’t just feel smarter. Become smarter.
Working with a slip-box can be disheartening, because you are constantly faced with the gaps in your understanding. But at the same time, it increases the chances that you will actually move the work forward.
Our choice then is whether we want to feel smarter or become smarter.
Students in most educational institutions are not encouraged to independently build a network of connections between different kinds of information. They aren’t taught how to organize the very best and most relevant knowledge they encounter in a long-term way across many topics. Most tragically of all, they aren’t taught to follow their interests and take the most promising path in their research.
Ultimately, learning should not be about hoarding stockpiles of knowledge like gold coins. It is about becoming a different kind of person with a different way of thinking. The beauty of this approach is that we co-evolve with our slip-boxes: We build the same connections in our heads as we deliberately develop them in our slip-box. Writing then is best seen not only as a tool for thinking but as a tool for personal growth.
From a scientific point of view, T3 can provide the community with negative impacts that are related to the reality that the demerits of N6 are remarkable. As a tangible example, some scientific research undertaken by a prestigious university described the role of N7. Hence, predicted outcomes of N8 are noticeable.
Recently, the phenomenon of T and its corresponding impact has sparked a heated debate. Although contested by many that matters of N are highly beneficial, such an issue is regarded as both constructive and positive by a substantial number of individuals. I highly believe that N can be a plus and I will investigate that in this essay.
Do you know that the Indian plate was to the south of the equator millions of years ago? Do you also know that it was much larger in size and the Australian plate was a part of it? Over
millions of years, this plate broke into many parts and the Australian plate moved towards the southeastern direction and the Indian plate to the north. Can you map different phases in the movement of the Indian plate? This northward movement of the Indian plate is still continuing and it has significant consequences on the physical environment of the Indian subcontinent. Can you name some important consequences of the northward movement
of the Indian plate? It is primarily through the interplay of these endogenic and exogenic forces and lateral movements of the plates that the present geological structure and geomorphologic
processes active in the Indian subcontinent came into existence. Based on the variations in its geological structure and formations, India can be divided into three geological divisions.
Do you know that the Indian plate was to the south of the equator millions of years ago? Do you also know that it was much
larger in size and the Australian plate was a part of it? Over
millions of years, this plate broke into many parts and the Australian plate moved towards the southeastern direction and the Indian plate to the north. Can you map different phases in the movement of the Indian plate? This northward movement of the Indian plate is still continuing and it has significant consequences on the physical environment of the Indian subcontinent. Can you name some important consequences of the northward movement
of the Indian plate? It is primarily through the interplay of these endogenic and exogenic forces and lateral movements of the plates that the present geological structure and geomorphologic
processes active in the Indian subcontinent came into existence. Based on the variations in its geological structure and formations, India can be divided into three geological divisions.
Do you know that the Indian
plate was to the south of the equator millions of
years ago? Do you also know that it was much
larger in size and the Australian plate was a part
of it? Over millions of years, this plate broke into
many parts and the Australian plate moved
towards the southeastern direction and the
Indian plate to the north. Can you map
different phases in the movement of the
Indian plate? This northward movement
of the Indian plate is still continuing and it
has significant consequences on the
physical environment of the Indian
subcontinent. Can you name some important
consequences of the northward movement
of the Indian plate?
It is primarily through the interplay of
these endogenic and exogenic forces and
lateral movements of the plates that the
present geological structure and geomorphologic
processes active in the Indian subcontinent came
into existence. Based on the variations in its
geological structure and formations, India can be
divided into three geological divisions.
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In addition, when you contact customer service about the Services, your communications, including any information you provide regarding your identity and product or service you’re contacting us about, may be collected.
Information We Collect While Using Specific Services
With your Samsung account, certain services and features become available. For example, you can back up your data and restore it anytime, or synchronize your data between your Samsung devices, share your profile and files with others, and find your device when it’s lost. For these services and features to work, we need to collect certain information, including the following :
• Sync and back-up : Some features allow you to sync, back up and restore your data on Samsung mobile devices and Smart TVs. For example, you can back up or sync certain data to our cloud service. The data you choose to back up or sync will automatically be sent to and stored by Samsung. For Gallery sync, this feature is offered through Microsoft OneDrive. If you turn on syncing on one device where you are logged into your Samsung account, sync will automatically turn on in your other devices where you have logged into your Samsung account. You can manage your sync preferences in the Samsung account settings in any of your devices.
• Call & Text : If you enable Call & text on other devices, we may collect information such as contacts, messages, and message and call logs so you can experience multi-device communication. To properly sync calls to your secondary device, we may momentarily access your calls to relay them to your secondary device in real time. We do not maintain a copy of these calls.
• Membership benefits : Your Samsung account makes coupons, discounts, and gift cards available to you, and you can earn rewards points when purchasing Samsung products and services. We collect information regarding these coupons, discounts, gift cards, and your reward points, and how and where you spend or redeem them, including amount, currency, and country.
• Social Media : You can connect and interact with other Samsung account users on our social media platforms, such as Samsung Members Community. We may collect content you provide through or on the Community, such as your profile information, posts and comments (including media you upload) and information on the products you register (including warranty information), as well as communication (including information you submit) with our customer team and other Community members (including the content of personal messages).
• Group Sharing :
o Group Sharing allows you to easily share files and other information, such as notes, reminders, calendar entries, gallery photos, and your and your contacts’ phone numbers and profile information with other Samsung account users, and allows you to display profile images of your contacts within your contacts list and when you receive calls.
o When you create or join a group and share notes, reminders, calendar entries, or gallery photos, all content and files you share will be visible to all other members of the group. The group leader will always have permission to delete or edit entries submitted by anyone in the group. If you are not the group leader, you can delete or edit shared reminder, calendar, and gallery entries at any time while you are a member of the group. Other members will also be able to delete or edit your shared entries. For shared note entries, while you are a member of the group, you may only delete or edit entries (including entries you submit) if the group leader grants you permission. Other members will also be able to edit or delete your shared note entries after receiving permission from the group leader.
o We may collect the contents and information you share with the group, as well as your and your contacts’ phone numbers and profile information.
o If you leave or are removed from a group, all of your shared entries that you have not deleted will remain in the group for other members to see and edit. If you later wish to access or delete those entries, you would need to re-join the group and obtain any needed permissions from the group leader. Once you are no longer a member of a group, we will not be able to associate you with any of your shared entries or grant you access to those entries.
• Quick Share : The Quick Share feature, available on certain Galaxy devices, enables you to quickly share photos, videos, and files. Quick Share can be used to share content between Galaxy devices in close proximity to each other via the device-to-device method. Quick Share can also be used to share content by sending a link that can be used to access the shared content using any internet-connected device. When using this method, we collect the content you share, which will remain available for 3 days before it is automatically deleted. You can also add extra protection, such as file encryption, by using the private sharing option, which allows you to set an expiration date and revoke access to your content. By using this feature, the content you share with a recipient will be deleted from our server immediately after the recipient receives and downloads it. Please note that content sent by private sharing will be held on an encrypted server for up to 7 days until either the recipient downloads the content, or the 7 days expires, whichever is earlier.
• Security : Your Samsung account offers several security features, including SmartThings Find, Samsung Find and Secure Wi-Fi. If you choose to use these features, we may collect information such as your device’s physical location, recent calls and text messages, touch interactions, your device’s PIN, password or pattern, subscription details and Digital Key details.
The use of certain features may require you to register for other Samsung services. For example, to use SmartThings Find through SmartThings, you may be required to register for SmartThings. For more information about how SmartThings processes your information, please review the SmartThings Privacy Notice.
• Account and service linking : Certain third party apps or services may allow you to link your Samsung account to that third party’s account for easy log in and to access enhanced features. Note that such third-party websites, apps, services, and features may operate independently from Samsung and may have their own privacy notices or policies, which you should review to understand how they process your information.
• Device and Service Information :
i. Hardware information : such as model, device name, device configuration and settings, connected devices, sales code, MCC (mobile country code); MNC (mobile network code) and when your device was first used or purchased;
ii. Software information : such as version and configuration, and operating system version; and
iii. Identifiers : such as IMEI, IP address, serial number, MAC address and other unique device or service identifiers (such as Android ID, Smart TV identifiers, variable unique device ID, and service ID).
• Log and Usage Information : Diagnostic, technical, error, and usage information such as time and duration of your use of the Services, traffic usage, and touch interaction.
• Advanced intelligence : With advanced intelligence, certain apps or services will use your inputs to provide intelligence features and services, such as transcription and translation services. Some of the apps or services process your data solely within your device, while others involve the processing of your data outside your device. This data includes your account information, device and app information, and your inputs (including your text, voice and media files). For example, some of the apps or services may provide recommendations for you. You can check which apps and services offer advanced intelligence by going into your Samsung account settings and clicking the advanced intelligence tab. Where required by applicable law, we will provide you with notice and obtain your consent to the processing of your data in connection with the advanced intelligence features.
Prior to using an advanced Intelligence feature within an app or service that requires the collection of your data, you will be informed prior to your initial use of such feature.
For apps or services where advanced Intelligence requires the collection of your data, some of those apps or services may provide the option to use advanced Intelligence without your data being collected . You can check which apps and services provide this option by going into the relevant app or service’s settings.
• Voice assistant : Once you create a Samsung account, on available devices you can control your device by voice command using Bixby Voice. Bixby Voice will be ready to control your device via voice command when you activate it, such as by pressing the invoke button or saying “Hi, Bixby.” The status indicator on your device, such as an on-screen indicator or flashing LED, lets you know when Bixby Voice is activated. Please see the Voice Assistant section below to see the types of data Bixby Voice collects.
Bixby Voice will collect data needed to carry out your voice commands, such as voice inputs and information related to the apps or services that are affected by the commands (e.g. your Calendar app if you ask Bixby Voice to add a date to your calendar). Bixby Voice also offers various optional features that collect certain information when you use such features. To see more details about the types of data Bixby Voice collects and how that data is used, please see the Bixby Voice Privacy Notice.
• Other information about your use of your Samsung account, such as the features and services you use, purchase history and subscriptions, and how you interact with content offered through your Samsung account.
We may collect personal information about your online activities on websites and connected devices over time and across third-party websites, devices, apps and other online features and services. We may use third-party analytics services, such as Google Analytics and Firebase Analytics. The information we obtain may be disclosed to or collected directly by these providers and other relevant third parties who use the information, for example, to evaluate use of the Services and to help improve the Services. To learn more about Google Analytics, please visit https://www.google.com/policies/privacy/partners/. To learn more about Firebase Analytics, please visit https://firebase.google.com/policies/analytics.
How We Use the Information We Obtain
We may use the information we collect for the purposes described in the Samsung US Privacy Policy and the following:
• To identify and authenticate you so you can use the Services;
• To improve and customize your experience with the Services, such as delivering content and responses tailored to you and the way you interact with the Services;
• To link your Samsung account to connected third-party devices, apps, features or services;
• To respond to your requests, inquiries, and instructions made through or about the Services;
• For marketing and advertising purposes such as to deliver advertising, including customized advertisements, sponsored content, and promotional communications, including as described in the “Marketing and Advertising” section below;
• With your separate consent, we may use your precise geolocation to notify you when you are near participating Samsung or third-party stores offering benefits or coupons or for other purposes explained at the time you provide your consent; and/or
• To allow you to interact with and use participating Samsung and third-party apps and services.
Marketing and Advertising
The information we use to personalize advertisements and promotional communications, as well as the type of advertisements and promotional communications we deliver, depend on your setting preferences.
• If none of the optional marketing and advertising features described below are turned on, you may still see Samsung advertising on online platforms, but they will not be tailored to you. These are generic and may be shown to anyone.
• If “Get special offers and product news by email, push notifications and on third-party platforms” is turned on, you will receive relevant news, special offers and other information about Samsung and its partners’ products and services through email, notifications and online platforms. The advertising and promotional materials you receive will be relevant to you based on the Samsung account and device information we have about you, including your name, date of birth, email address and products you have registered on Samsung Members or SmartThings, for example.
• If you permit advertising cookies to be placed on your device or app, we will send you advertising and/or promotional communications based on the data collected by cookies and similar technologies. For example, a cookie can collect the fact that you have viewed a page on our website.
• If Interest-Based Advertisements and Viewing Information Services on your Samsung Smart Hub-enabled devices are both turned on, you will see relevant advertising based on your viewing history on Smart Hub-enabled devices.
• If “Get special offers and product news by email, push notifications and on third-party platforms” and “Improve personalized ads with Samsung account data” are both turned on, you will receive more relevant advertising when you visit our websites, use our products or services, receive promotional emails and notifications from us, or see our ads on online platforms or third-party websites. We will make these advertisements relevant to you based on Samsung account information in addition to the information we collect through the Customization Service when it is turned on.
• If “Customization Service” and “Improve personalized ads with Samsung account data” are both turned on, you will see relevant advertising based on the Samsung account data and Customization Service data including app usage, search terms and/or internet browsing history and apps. However, you will not receive promotional communications through email and notifications unless “Get special offers and product news by email, push notifications and on third-party platforms“ is also turned on.
• If “Improve personalized ads with precise location data” is turned on, the advertising you see will be relevant according to your precise geolocation.
• If only “Improve personalized ads with Samsung account data” is turned on without any of the other features described above, you will see relevant advertising based on your Samsung account data.
You can turn off “Improve personalized ads with Samsung account data”, “Customization Service”, “Get special offers and product news by email, push notifications and on third-party platforms” and/or “Improve personalized ads with precise location data on mobile device” at any time via the Samsung account Settings > Security and Privacy menu in your Samsung account. You can turn off Interest-Based Advertisements on Smart Hub-enabled devices via the Settings > Terms & Privacy or Settings > General & Privacy > Terms & Privacy.
We may use and combine the information we collect about you from our Services with data from other services or features you use, your devices, and other sources as well as information about your online activities on websites and connected devices over time and across third-party websites, devices, apps, and other online features and services.
Information Sharing
As stated above, this Privacy Notice supplements the Samsung US Privacy Policy (available at https://account.samsung.com/membership/terms/privacypolicy), which describes our information sharing practices.
Children’s Section
This Children’s Section describes our personal information practices with respect to your child’s creation and use of a Samsung account, and the services and features available to your child (“Child Services”).
Information We Obtain From Your Child
When you first create a Samsung account for your child, we may ask you for certain information such as your child’s name, nickname, date of birth, gender, phone number, password and email address. When your child uses their Samsung account and the features and services available, we may collect information about your child’s device and connected devices and the Samsung apps, services and features they use. This information includes unique device identifiers, hardware, software, network (including connection and Bluetooth) and settings information (including settings through any parental control function), usage and log information (such as how long or when your child uses a certain device, app [including the list of apps installed on the device], service or feature, including third-party devices, apps, services, or features).
With a Samsung account, the following basic features may automatically be available to your child:
• Samsung Cloud: Securely back up devices logged into with a Samsung account and sync data across Galaxy devices.
• SmartThings Find/Samsung Find: Locate lost devices even when the device is not connected to a network, and protect data of lost devices.
• Group Sharing: Share a variety of content with family and friends on certain basic Samsung apps.
• Call & Text On Other Devices: Your child can use their phone number to make and receive calls and texts on your other Samsung devices.
• Samsung Members: Quickly ask questions to customer service and enjoy benefits.
• Samsung Checkout: With your permission, the ability to make purchases in or through participating Samsung and third-party apps and services.
• Samsung Pass: Save log-in information and quickly auto-fill this information on participating apps and websites.
In addition, your child will be able to access the following Samsung apps through their Samsung account. Please click each app’s privacy notice (hyperlinked below) for information on how we may use and disclose the personal information we collect from your child through their use of the app.
• Galaxy Store : Discover and download the best apps, as well as exclusive content and themes for your child’s Galaxy phone or tablet.
• Bixby Voice : Your child can control services and features within Samsung devices using their voice.
• Galaxy Wearable : Use and control various Galaxy wearables, such as watches, bands and earbuds.
• SmartThings : Monitor and control connected devices within SmartThings, both inside and outside the home.
• Samsung Health : Track various types of fitness and health, such as nutrition and exercise.
• PENUP : Learn how to draw and enjoy coloring with various categories of coloring design.
Through the above features and apps, Samsung may collect the following information about or from your child:
• Synced data, such as information we save for back-up purposes or that your child may choose to save to our cloud
• Contact lists when your child uses a certain feature that requires this information, such as the use of Group Sharing or certain capsules on Bixby Voice
• Log-in credentials and other input information (e.g. shipping address), as well as participating app and website information when your child uses Samsung Pass
• Downloaded, recommended, or played apps or games through or from the Galaxy Store, including when such apps are downloaded, installed, or deleted, as well as when your child starts, resumes, suspends, or finishes games or completes certain events within these games (e.g. tutorials)
• Information that gets passed through our servers to provide your child a service, such as calls and messages when providing the “Call & text on other devices” service
• Videos and images if your child connects a camera or other device through SmartThings that permits the taking of videos and images
• Information that gets provided to us and communications between your child and us or third parties, such as when your child contacts customer service or uses our Community Board
• Voice information, such as when your child makes voice commands using Bixby Voice
• Geolocation information
• Health information when your child uses Samsung Health and when a particular feature requires the collection of health information.
Your child may also be able to download and use certain other Samsung apps and services and use them through their Samsung account. For apps that collect or use your child’s personal information, you will be asked to give your permission prior to the use of these apps by your child and see how we process your child’s personal information for that app or service. Please note that not all of the features outlined in the applicable privacy notice may be available for the applicable service to children. As a result, we may not collect or use some of the data categories listed in that privacy notice.
For child users with a Samsung account, Samsung enables children to make their personal information available publicly, for example, through postings to message boards.
We may use third-party analytics services on the above services, such as Google Analytics and Firebase Analytics. The information we obtain may be disclosed to, or collected directly by, these providers and other relevant third parties who use the information, for example, to evaluate the use of the above services or to help administer them. To learn more about Google Analytics, please visit https://www.google.com/policies/privacy/partners/. To learn more about Firebase Analytics, please visit https://firebase.google.com/policies/analytics/.
How We Use Your Child’s Information
We may use the information collected from your child for the following purposes:
• To identify and authenticate your child so your child can use the Child Services
• To provide any of the Child Services, including any of their features. Such features may include syncing data, providing a location-based service such as finding a lost device, sharing information to other Samsung account users and other features available within the Child Services
• To improve and customize your child’s experience with the Child Services, such as delivering content and responses tailored to your child and the way your child interacts with the services and features
• To allow your child to interact with and use participating Samsung and third-party apps and services (such as when using a third-party service through one of the Child Services)
• To respond to requests, inquiries and instructions made through or about the Child Services
• To operate, evaluate and improve our business, including developing new products and services, managing our communications, analyzing our services and customer base, aggregating and anonymizing data, performing data analytics and undertaking accounting, auditing and other internal functions
• To protect against, identify and prevent fraud and other criminal activity, claims and other liabilities
• To comply with and enforce applicable legal requirements, relevant industry standards and our policies
Information Sharing of Children’s Information
We may share your child’s personal information with our subsidiaries and affiliates, as well as with service providers who perform services for us. We do not authorize our service providers to use or disclose the information except as necessary to perform services on our behalf or to comply with legal requirements. In addition, we may share your personal information with our business partners, such as wireless carriers, as well as third parties who operate apps and services that connect with certain Child Services.
We may share personal information we collect through the Child Services if you ask us to do so, or otherwise with your consent. We also may disclose information about your child in other circumstances, including:
• To law enforcement authorities, government or public agencies or officials, regulators, and/or any other person or entity with appropriate legal authority or justification for receipt of such information, if required or permitted to do so by law or legal process
• When we believe disclosure is necessary or appropriate to prevent physical harm or financial loss, or in connection with an investigation of suspected or actual fraudulent or illegal activity
• In the event we may or do sell or transfer all or a portion of our business or assets (including in the event of a merger, acquisition, joint venture, reorganization, divestiture, dissolution, or liquidation)
In addition, certain operators may collect or maintain your child’s personal information through your child’s use of their Samsung account and the Child Services. For a complete list of operators, including contact information for inquiries, click here.
Parents’ Rights
You have the option at any time to review or delete the personal information collected from your child. You may do so by submitting a request here.
You can also refuse to permit the further collection or use of your child’s personal information by deleting your child’s Samsung account. To do so, have your child log in to their Samsung account (https://account.samsung.com/membership/intro) then click “Leave Samsung account”. For certain services like Bixby Voice, Galaxy Wearable, SmartThings, or Samsung Members, you can go into your own Samsung account settings > Family > Select your child’s account > Allowed apps.
Notice to Colorado, Connecticut, Utah and Virginia Residents
If you are a Colorado, Connecticut, Utah or Virginia resident, for more information about privacy rights that may be available to you subject to applicable law, please see the section of the Samsung U.S. Privacy Policy called “Your Rights and Choices,” available at https://account.samsung.com/membership/terms/privacypolicy.
Notice to California Residents
Californian consumers can find out more about their privacy rights in the “California Consumer Privacy Statement” available at https://www.samsung.com/us/account/privacy-policy/california.
Updates to This Privacy Notice
We may update this Privacy Notice from time to time and without prior notice to you to reflect changes in our personal information practices with respect to the Services. We will indicate at the top of this Privacy Notice when it was most recently updated.
Contact Us
Privacy Office
Samsung Electronics America, Inc.
85 Challenger Road
Ridgefield Park, NJ 07660
1-800-SAMSUNG (1-800-726-7864)
NAPrivacy@sea.samsung.com
This book is written to suggest techniques and to give examples which demonstrate that you do not need to be defeated by anything, that you can have peace of mind, improved health, and a neverceasing flow of energy. In short, that your life can be full of joy and satisfaction. Of this I have no doubt at all for I have watched countless persons learn and apply a system of simple procedures that has brought about the foregoing benefits in their lives. These assertions, which may appear extravagant, are based on onafide demonstrations in actual human experience.
Altogether too many people are defeated by the everyday problems of life. They go struggling, perhaps even whining, through their days with a sense of dull resentment at what they consider the "bad breaks" life has given them. In a sense there may be such a thing as "the breaks" in this life, but there is also a spirit and method by which we can control and even determine those breaks. It is a pity that people should let themselves be defeated by the problems, cares, and difficulties of human existence, and it is also quite unnecessary.
In saying this I certainly do not ignore or minimize the hardships and tragedies of the world, but neither do I allow them to dominate. You can permit obstacles to control your mind to the point where they are uppermost and thus become the dominating factors in your thought pattern.
By learning how to cast them from the mind, by refusing to become mentally subservient to them, and by channeling spiritual power through your thoughts you can rise above obstacles which ordinarily might defeat you. By methods I shall outline, obstacles are simply not permitted to destroy your happiness and well-being. You need be defeated only if you are willing to be. This book teaches you how to "will" not to be.
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If you read this book thoughtfully, carefully absorbing its teachings, and if you will sincerely and persistently practice the principles and formulas set forth herein, you can experience an amazing improvement within yourself. By using the techniques outlined here you can modify or change the circumstances in which you now live, assuming control over them rather than continuing to be directed by them. Your relations with other people will improve. You will become a more popular, esteemed, and well-liked individual. By mastering these principles, you will enjoy a delightful new sense of well-being. You may attain a degree of health not hitherto known by you and experience a new and keen pleasure in living. You will become a person of greater usefulness and will wield an expanded influence.
How can I be so certain that the practice of these principles will produce such results? The answer is simply that for many years in the Marble Collegiate Church of New York City we have taught a system of creative living based on spiritual techniques, carefully noting its operation in the lives of hundreds of people. It is no speculative series of extravagant assertions that I make, for these principles have worked so efficiently over so long a period of time that they are now firmly established as documented and demonstrable truth. The system outlined is a perfect and amazing method of successful living.
In my writings, including several books, in my regular weekly newspaper column in nearly one hundred dailies, in my national radio program over seventeen years, in our magazine, Guideposts, and in lectures in scores of cities, I have taught these same scientific yet simple principles of achievement, health, and happiness. Hundreds have read, listened, and practiced, and the results are invariably the same: new life, new power, increased efficiency, greater happiness. Because so many have requested that these principles be put into book form, the better to be studied and practiced, I am publishing this new volume under the title, The Power of Positive Thinking. I need not point out that the powerful principles contained herein are not my invention but are given to us by the greatest Teacher who ever lived and who still lives. This book teaches applied Christianity; a simple yet scientific system of practical techniques of successful living that works.
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practice practice practice practice practice practice practice practice practice practice.
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patience patience patience patience patience patience patience patience patience patience.
resilience resilience resilience resilience resilience resilience resilience resilience resilience resilience.
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grit grit grit grit grit grit grit grit grit grit.
endurance endurance endurance endurance endurance endurance endurance endurance endurance endurance.
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Taking the five loaves and the two fish and looking up to heaven he gave thanks and broke the loaves Then he gave them to his disciples to distribute to the people He also divided the two fish among them all They all ate and were satisfied and the disciples picked up twelve basketfuls of broken pieces of bread and fish The number of the men who had eaten was five thousand
When he had taken the seven loaves and given thanks he broke them and gave them to his disciples to distribute to the people and they did so They had a few small fish as well he gave thanks for them also and told the disciples to distribute them The people ate and were satisfied Afterward the disciples picked up seven basketfuls of broken pieces that were left over About four thousand were present
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To build a sustainable future, EVBox empowers businesses and drivers to embrace electric mobility. EVBox’s charging solutions lay the foundations for a world where electric mobility is the new normal by giving EV drivers the ability to charge with confidence, allowing businesses to easily enter the market and scale their offering as demand grows, and evolving with the rapid pace of innovation. Founded in 2010, EVBox is now a market leader in electric vehicle charging infrastructure (EVSE) who has delivered over 500,000 charging ports to partners and customers globally. The solutions EVBox is offering include charging stations for residential, commercial, and fast-charging network usage, as well as charging management software. More information can be found on EVBox.com.
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